El mejoramiento del arroz
Rice improvement The main advantages and disadvantages of the methods most used by plant breeders in their attempt to develop varieties that respond to the needs of rice farmers, millers, consumers, and seed producers of the regional and global rice sector are described and illustrated with examples...
| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Capítulo de libro |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| Publicado: |
International Center for Tropical Agriculture
2010
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82500 |
| _version_ | 1855532506539884544 |
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| author | Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso Martínez Racines, César Pompilio |
| author_browse | Martínez Racines, César Pompilio Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso |
| author_facet | Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso Martínez Racines, César Pompilio |
| author_sort | Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Rice improvement The main advantages and disadvantages of the methods most used by plant breeders in their attempt to develop varieties that respond to the needs of rice farmers, millers, consumers, and seed producers of the regional and global rice sector are described and illustrated with examples. Modern rice varieties have been developed using methods of phenotypical selection that little consider molecular structure. Because many of the factors limiting rice production are controlled by a large number of genes, it is increasingly difficult to use conventional selection methods to develop improved varieties. Fortunately, the advances made in molecular biology, genomics, and informatics allow traditional breeding methods to be combined with molecular tools (marker genes) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of plant selection and development of improved rice varieties. The chapter is merely an introduction to the extensive topic of modern plant improvement. The main topics addressed include: genetic improvement; breeding systems or methods (bulk selection, backcrossing, limited backcrossing, pedigree method); other improvement techniques (mutation, recurrent selection, hybridization, marker-assisted selection, anther culture); genetic improvement of agronomic and morphological characteristics; grain quality; greater pest resistance; and tolerance to unfavorable soil conditions. |
| format | Book Chapter |
| id | CGSpace82500 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Español |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateRange | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| publisherStr | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace825002025-11-05T17:02:26Z El mejoramiento del arroz Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso Martínez Racines, César Pompilio oryza sativa crossbreeding backcrossing mutation hybridization pest resistance resistance to injurious factors fitomejoramiento cruzamiento retrocruzamiento mutación hibridación resistencia a las plagas resistencia genética resistencia a factores dañinos Rice improvement The main advantages and disadvantages of the methods most used by plant breeders in their attempt to develop varieties that respond to the needs of rice farmers, millers, consumers, and seed producers of the regional and global rice sector are described and illustrated with examples. Modern rice varieties have been developed using methods of phenotypical selection that little consider molecular structure. Because many of the factors limiting rice production are controlled by a large number of genes, it is increasingly difficult to use conventional selection methods to develop improved varieties. Fortunately, the advances made in molecular biology, genomics, and informatics allow traditional breeding methods to be combined with molecular tools (marker genes) to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of plant selection and development of improved rice varieties. The chapter is merely an introduction to the extensive topic of modern plant improvement. The main topics addressed include: genetic improvement; breeding systems or methods (bulk selection, backcrossing, limited backcrossing, pedigree method); other improvement techniques (mutation, recurrent selection, hybridization, marker-assisted selection, anther culture); genetic improvement of agronomic and morphological characteristics; grain quality; greater pest resistance; and tolerance to unfavorable soil conditions. Se describen e ilustran con ejemplos las principales ventajas y desventajas de los métodos más usados por los fitomejoradores en su esfuerzo por desarrollar variedades que respondan a las necesidades de los cultivadores, los molineros, los consumidores y los productores de semilla del sector arrocero regional y mundial. Las variedades modernas de arroz han sido desarrolladas empleando métodos de selección fenotípica, que no poco consideran su constitución molecular. Puesto que muchos factores limitantes de la producción de arroz están controlados por un buen número de genes, cada día es más difícil emplear la selección convencional para desarrollar mejores variedades. Por fortuna, los avances logrados en la biología molecular, en la genómica y en la informática hacen posible la combinación de los métodos tradicionales de mejoramiento con las herramientas moleculares (los genes marcadores), para elevar la eficiencia y la efectividad de los procesos de selección de plantas y de desarrollo de mejores variedades de arroz. El capítulo es apenas una introducción al extenso tema del mejoramiento vegetal moderno. Los principales temas tratados incluyen: mejoramiento genético; sistemas o métodos de mejoramiento (método masal, retrocruzamiento, retrocruzamiento limitado, método genealógico o del pedigrí); otras técnicas de mejoramiento (mutaciones, selección recurrente, hibridación, selección asistida por marcadores y cultivo de anteras); mejoramiento genético de características agronómicas y morfológicas; calidad del grano; mayor resistencia a las plagas; y tolerancia de condiciones edáficas desfavorables. 2010 2017-06-20T09:02:29Z 2017-06-20T09:02:29Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82500 es Open Access application/pdf International Center for Tropical Agriculture Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso; Martínez Racines, César Pompilio. 2010. El mejoramiento del arroz . In: Degiovanni Beltramo, Víctor M.; Martínez Racines, César P.; Motta O., Francisco (eds.). Producción eco-eficiente del arroz en América Latina . Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, CO. p. 141-179. (Publicación CIAT no. 365) |
| spellingShingle | oryza sativa crossbreeding backcrossing mutation hybridization pest resistance resistance to injurious factors fitomejoramiento cruzamiento retrocruzamiento mutación hibridación resistencia a las plagas resistencia genética resistencia a factores dañinos Torres Castro, Edgar Alonso Martínez Racines, César Pompilio El mejoramiento del arroz |
| title | El mejoramiento del arroz |
| title_full | El mejoramiento del arroz |
| title_fullStr | El mejoramiento del arroz |
| title_full_unstemmed | El mejoramiento del arroz |
| title_short | El mejoramiento del arroz |
| title_sort | el mejoramiento del arroz |
| topic | oryza sativa crossbreeding backcrossing mutation hybridization pest resistance resistance to injurious factors fitomejoramiento cruzamiento retrocruzamiento mutación hibridación resistencia a las plagas resistencia genética resistencia a factores dañinos |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82500 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT torrescastroedgaralonso elmejoramientodelarroz AT martinezracinescesarpompilio elmejoramientodelarroz |