Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe
New challenges and great technological opportunities for rice systems: Production, food security, and mitigation of poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean The status of rice production worldwide and particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is examined, highlighting the important rol...
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| Format: | Book Chapter |
| Language: | Español |
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International Center for Tropical Agriculture
2010
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82428 |
| _version_ | 1855518051517071360 |
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| author | Sanint, Luis Roberto |
| author_browse | Sanint, Luis Roberto |
| author_facet | Sanint, Luis Roberto |
| author_sort | Sanint, Luis Roberto |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | New challenges and great technological opportunities for rice systems: Production, food security, and mitigation of poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean The status of rice production worldwide and particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is examined, highlighting the important role it plays in food security and in the reduction of poverty in the region. Thanks to the rapid adoption of improved varieties, rice production tripled in LAC between 1985 and 2005, reaching 25 million tons paddy rice. At the same time, the area planted to the crop remained stagnant at 6 million hectares, as upland rice has been quickly replaced by irrigated rice. In 1976, over 6.0 million hectares were planted to upland rice, accounting for over 75% of the region’s rice-growing area. With the introduction of new semi-dwarf varieties in the 1970s, upland rice lost its ability to compete with irrigated rice because of the latter’s rapid increase in yields and the decrease in unitary production costs. The area planted to upland rice has now plunged to less than 2.5 million hectares (40% of the area planted to rice in LAC), located mainly in the Brazilian cerrados. The average yield of upland rice, 3.8 t/ha is still low. To close the gap, improved crop management practices are needed so that varieties can fully express their yield potential. Estimates are that rice production in the 12 LAC countries could increase by 27%, in other words by 2.7 million MT. In the 20th century, consumption increased from less than 10 to close to 30 kg/capita per year. The region’s level of self-sufficiency has remained at around 90%. The reduced capacity of governmental institutions for agricultural research and rural extension has forced public institutions to become crucial partners of rice farmers. In 1995, several LAC countries created the Latin American Fund for Irrigated Rice (FLAR), which is mainly funded by the rice sectors of member countries, with the participation of national and international research institutions as well as partners of the private sector. The challenges and opportunities of the LAC rice sector, especially its participation in the nutrition and food security of the low-income population, are analyzed and the potential of this region to become the rice basket of the world is highlighted in view of its abundant water, land, human, and technological resources. |
| format | Book Chapter |
| id | CGSpace82428 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Español |
| publishDate | 2010 |
| publishDateRange | 2010 |
| publishDateSort | 2010 |
| publisher | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| publisherStr | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace824282025-11-05T16:55:40Z Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe Sanint, Luis Roberto oryza sativa cultivation production economy income cultivo economía renta New challenges and great technological opportunities for rice systems: Production, food security, and mitigation of poverty in Latin America and the Caribbean The status of rice production worldwide and particularly in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) is examined, highlighting the important role it plays in food security and in the reduction of poverty in the region. Thanks to the rapid adoption of improved varieties, rice production tripled in LAC between 1985 and 2005, reaching 25 million tons paddy rice. At the same time, the area planted to the crop remained stagnant at 6 million hectares, as upland rice has been quickly replaced by irrigated rice. In 1976, over 6.0 million hectares were planted to upland rice, accounting for over 75% of the region’s rice-growing area. With the introduction of new semi-dwarf varieties in the 1970s, upland rice lost its ability to compete with irrigated rice because of the latter’s rapid increase in yields and the decrease in unitary production costs. The area planted to upland rice has now plunged to less than 2.5 million hectares (40% of the area planted to rice in LAC), located mainly in the Brazilian cerrados. The average yield of upland rice, 3.8 t/ha is still low. To close the gap, improved crop management practices are needed so that varieties can fully express their yield potential. Estimates are that rice production in the 12 LAC countries could increase by 27%, in other words by 2.7 million MT. In the 20th century, consumption increased from less than 10 to close to 30 kg/capita per year. The region’s level of self-sufficiency has remained at around 90%. The reduced capacity of governmental institutions for agricultural research and rural extension has forced public institutions to become crucial partners of rice farmers. In 1995, several LAC countries created the Latin American Fund for Irrigated Rice (FLAR), which is mainly funded by the rice sectors of member countries, with the participation of national and international research institutions as well as partners of the private sector. The challenges and opportunities of the LAC rice sector, especially its participation in the nutrition and food security of the low-income population, are analyzed and the potential of this region to become the rice basket of the world is highlighted in view of its abundant water, land, human, and technological resources. Se revisa la situación del arroz a nivel mundial y, en especial, en América Latina y el Caribe (ALC),con énfasis en su importancia para la seguridad alimentaria y la reducción de la pobreza en esta región.Gracias a la rápida adopción de variedades mejoradas, la producción de arroz en ACL se triplico entre 1985 y 2005, llegando a 25 millones de toneladas de arroz “paddy”(arroz en cascara). Al mismo tiempo, el area sembrada se mantuvo en 6 millones de hectareas por que las areas en que se producia arroz de secano han sido reemplazadas rápidamente por cultivos de riego . En 1976, el arroz de secano ocupaba más de 6 millones de héctareas, o sea, más del 75% del área sembrada en ALC. La incursión de las nuevas variedades semi-enanas en los años 70 despojó al arroz de secano de su habilidad competitiva frente al arroz con riego, pues no pudo superar los rápidos y crecientes rendimientos y la dismimución de los costos de producción de arroz de secano ha disminuido hasta menos de 2.5 millones de hectáreas(40% de todo el arroz cultivado en ALC), de las cuales la mayoría se encuentra en el Cerrado de Brasil. El rendimiento promedio de arroz de secano de 3.8 t/ha es aún bajo; por lo tanto, el manejo de este sisema de cultivo debe cerrar la brecha de rendimiento, permitiendo que las variedades expresen todo su rendimiento potencial.se calcula que, si en 12 países de ALC la producción aumentaría en 2.7 millones de toneladas métricas. En el siglo XX, el consumo pasó de meno de 10 Kg/capita por año a cerca de 30, y el nivel de autosuficiencia de la región se mantuno en 90%. La reducción de la capacidad de investigación agrícola y de extensión rural a nivel gubernamental ha convertido a las instituciones nacional e internacionales de investigación, además de algunos socios del Fondo pertenecientes al sectro privado. Se analizan los retos y oportunidades de arroz en ALC, en particular su participación en la nutrición y la seguridad alimentaría de la población de menores recursos económicos, y se resalta el potencial de ALC para convertirse en la despensa arrcera del mundo, debido a que posee abundanes reservas de agua, tierra y recursos humanos y tecnológicos. 2010 2017-06-20T09:02:12Z 2017-06-20T09:02:12Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82428 es Open Access application/pdf International Center for Tropical Agriculture Sanint, Luis Roberto. 2010. Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe . In: Degiovanni Beltramo, Víctor M.; Martínez Racines, César P.; Motta O., Francisco (eds.). Producción eco-eficiente del arroz en América Latina . Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, CO. p. 3-13. (Publicación CIAT no. 365) |
| spellingShingle | oryza sativa cultivation production economy income cultivo economía renta Sanint, Luis Roberto Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe |
| title | Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe |
| title_full | Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe |
| title_fullStr | Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe |
| title_short | Nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnológicas para los sistemas arroceros: producción, seguridad alimentaria y disminución de la pobreza en América Latina y el Caribe |
| title_sort | nuevos retos y grandes oportunidades tecnologicas para los sistemas arroceros produccion seguridad alimentaria y disminucion de la pobreza en america latina y el caribe |
| topic | oryza sativa cultivation production economy income cultivo economía renta |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82428 |
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