Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding

Until 10 years ago, genetic improvement of Brachiaria species depended entirely on selection among naturally existing genotypes, genetic recombination being impossible because of prevailing apomictic reproduction. However, recent advances in understanding the genetics and cytogenetics of Brachiaria,...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Miles, John W., Valle, Cacilda Borges do
Formato: Capítulo de libro
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Center for Tropical Agriculture 1996
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82033
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author Miles, John W.
Valle, Cacilda Borges do
author_browse Miles, John W.
Valle, Cacilda Borges do
author_facet Miles, John W.
Valle, Cacilda Borges do
author_sort Miles, John W.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Until 10 years ago, genetic improvement of Brachiaria species depended entirely on selection among naturally existing genotypes, genetic recombination being impossible because of prevailing apomictic reproduction. However, recent advances in understanding the genetics and cytogenetics of Brachiaria, and the creation of a tetraploid sexual B. ruziziensis have opened the way for controlled genetic manipulation. Two relevant gene pools are discussed. Genetic recombination is now possible in the B. ruziziensis/B. brizantha/B. decumbens pool. Breeding in the B. humidicola/B. dictyoneura/B. jubata pool awaits the development of a compatible source of sexuality. Present breeding initiatives aim to create apomictic genotypes combining spittlebug resistance and edaphic adaptation with other desirable attributes. Evaluation methods need to be improved. Current breeding schemes for Brachiaria, which are described, seek to exploit apomixis. They are empirical, and are based on general principles of quantitative genetics and our current limited knowledge of the inheritance of reproductive mode and other important traits. Clearer definition of relevant breeding objectives and better evaluation methodology will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of Brachiaria breeding.
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spelling CGSpace820332025-11-05T17:09:16Z Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding Miles, John W. Valle, Cacilda Borges do brachiaria apomixis reproduction recombination breeding nitrogen fixation testing reproducción recombinación fitomejoramiento fijación del nitrógeno ensayo Until 10 years ago, genetic improvement of Brachiaria species depended entirely on selection among naturally existing genotypes, genetic recombination being impossible because of prevailing apomictic reproduction. However, recent advances in understanding the genetics and cytogenetics of Brachiaria, and the creation of a tetraploid sexual B. ruziziensis have opened the way for controlled genetic manipulation. Two relevant gene pools are discussed. Genetic recombination is now possible in the B. ruziziensis/B. brizantha/B. decumbens pool. Breeding in the B. humidicola/B. dictyoneura/B. jubata pool awaits the development of a compatible source of sexuality. Present breeding initiatives aim to create apomictic genotypes combining spittlebug resistance and edaphic adaptation with other desirable attributes. Evaluation methods need to be improved. Current breeding schemes for Brachiaria, which are described, seek to exploit apomixis. They are empirical, and are based on general principles of quantitative genetics and our current limited knowledge of the inheritance of reproductive mode and other important traits. Clearer definition of relevant breeding objectives and better evaluation methodology will improve the efficiency and effectiveness of Brachiaria breeding. 1996 2017-06-20T09:00:37Z 2017-06-20T09:00:37Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82033 en Open Access application/pdf International Center for Tropical Agriculture Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Gado de Corte (CNPGC) Miles, John W.; Valle, Cacilda Borges do. 1996. Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding . In: Miles, John W; Maass, Brigitte L; Valle, Cacilda Borges do; Kumble, Vrinda (eds.). Brachiaria: Biology, agronomy, and improvement . Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT); Campo Grande, BR : Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Gado de Corte (CNPGC), Cali, CO. p. 164-177. (CIAT publication no. 259)
spellingShingle brachiaria
apomixis
reproduction
recombination
breeding
nitrogen fixation
testing
reproducción
recombinación
fitomejoramiento
fijación del nitrógeno
ensayo
Miles, John W.
Valle, Cacilda Borges do
Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding
title Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding
title_full Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding
title_fullStr Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding
title_full_unstemmed Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding
title_short Manipulation of apomixis in Brachiaria breeding
title_sort manipulation of apomixis in brachiaria breeding
topic brachiaria
apomixis
reproduction
recombination
breeding
nitrogen fixation
testing
reproducción
recombinación
fitomejoramiento
fijación del nitrógeno
ensayo
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82033
work_keys_str_mv AT milesjohnw manipulationofapomixisinbrachiariabreeding
AT vallecacildaborgesdo manipulationofapomixisinbrachiariabreeding