Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria
Seed of six commercial Brachiaria species is extensively produced for pasture sowing. Production is restricted geographically and seasonally by photoperiodic flowering reactions. It also requires a prior control of vegetative tiller production, and therefore a reliable dry season. The necessary cond...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Book Chapter |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
International Center for Tropical Agriculture
1996
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82030 |
| _version_ | 1855536271329329152 |
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| author | Hopkinson, J.M. Souza, Francisco Humberto Dübbern de Diulgheroff, Stefano Ortíz, Amanda Sánchez, Manuel |
| author_browse | Diulgheroff, Stefano Hopkinson, J.M. Ortíz, Amanda Souza, Francisco Humberto Dübbern de Sánchez, Manuel |
| author_facet | Hopkinson, J.M. Souza, Francisco Humberto Dübbern de Diulgheroff, Stefano Ortíz, Amanda Sánchez, Manuel |
| author_sort | Hopkinson, J.M. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Seed of six commercial Brachiaria species is extensively produced for pasture sowing. Production is restricted geographically and seasonally by photoperiodic flowering reactions. It also requires a prior control of vegetative tiller production, and therefore a reliable dry season. The necessary conditions are most readily found at high tropical latitudes. Seed crop management is mostly conventional. Vigorous synchronized tillering is stimulated by decapitation and use of nitrogenous fertilizer at times when rainfall, temperature, and sunshine are expected to favor unrestricted development. Ripe seed sheds readily and, coupled with imperfect synchronization of crop ripening, tends to make conventional direct harvesting inefficient and its timing critical- Where possible, seeds are let to fall and accumulate, and then recovered. Seed yields range from more than 1,000 kg/ha of pure seed to less than 100 kg/ha. Seed quality is heavily influenced by vitality and dormancy Vitality depends mostly on maturity of seed at harvest, being higher in accumulated fallen seed and much lower in directly severed seed. Dormancy is strongly developed in the genus and persists in most taxa at least into the season after harvest. This creates problems for germination testing and in the field use of fresh seed. Breaching the husk, most commonly by sulfuric acid, provides a partial solution. Suggestions are offered for improving seed production when developing new cultivars, particularly for selecting flowering control mechanisms compatible with production at low latitudes. |
| format | Book Chapter |
| id | CGSpace82030 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 1996 |
| publishDateRange | 1996 |
| publishDateSort | 1996 |
| publisher | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| publisherStr | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace820302025-11-05T16:08:05Z Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria Hopkinson, J.M. Souza, Francisco Humberto Dübbern de Diulgheroff, Stefano Ortíz, Amanda Sánchez, Manuel brachiaria reproduction plant physiology seed quality seed production crop management viability dormancy reproducción fisiología vegetal semillas calidad producción de semillas manejo del cultivo viabilidad dormición Seed of six commercial Brachiaria species is extensively produced for pasture sowing. Production is restricted geographically and seasonally by photoperiodic flowering reactions. It also requires a prior control of vegetative tiller production, and therefore a reliable dry season. The necessary conditions are most readily found at high tropical latitudes. Seed crop management is mostly conventional. Vigorous synchronized tillering is stimulated by decapitation and use of nitrogenous fertilizer at times when rainfall, temperature, and sunshine are expected to favor unrestricted development. Ripe seed sheds readily and, coupled with imperfect synchronization of crop ripening, tends to make conventional direct harvesting inefficient and its timing critical- Where possible, seeds are let to fall and accumulate, and then recovered. Seed yields range from more than 1,000 kg/ha of pure seed to less than 100 kg/ha. Seed quality is heavily influenced by vitality and dormancy Vitality depends mostly on maturity of seed at harvest, being higher in accumulated fallen seed and much lower in directly severed seed. Dormancy is strongly developed in the genus and persists in most taxa at least into the season after harvest. This creates problems for germination testing and in the field use of fresh seed. Breaching the husk, most commonly by sulfuric acid, provides a partial solution. Suggestions are offered for improving seed production when developing new cultivars, particularly for selecting flowering control mechanisms compatible with production at low latitudes. 1996 2017-06-20T09:00:36Z 2017-06-20T09:00:36Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82030 en Open Access application/pdf International Center for Tropical Agriculture Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Gado de Corte (CNPGC) Hopkinson, J.M.; de Souza, F.H.D.; Diulgheroff, S.; Ortiz, A.; Sánchez, M. 1996. Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria . In: Miles, John W.; Maass, Brigitte L.; Valle, Cacilda Borges do.; Kumble, Vrinda (eds.). Brachiaria: Biology, agronomy, and improvement . Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT); Campo Grande, BR : Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria (EMBRAPA), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Gado de Corte (CNPGC), Cali, CO. p. 124-140. (CIAT publication no. 259) |
| spellingShingle | brachiaria reproduction plant physiology seed quality seed production crop management viability dormancy reproducción fisiología vegetal semillas calidad producción de semillas manejo del cultivo viabilidad dormición Hopkinson, J.M. Souza, Francisco Humberto Dübbern de Diulgheroff, Stefano Ortíz, Amanda Sánchez, Manuel Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria |
| title | Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria |
| title_full | Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria |
| title_fullStr | Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria |
| title_short | Reproductive physiology, seed production, and seed quality of Brachiaria |
| title_sort | reproductive physiology seed production and seed quality of brachiaria |
| topic | brachiaria reproduction plant physiology seed quality seed production crop management viability dormancy reproducción fisiología vegetal semillas calidad producción de semillas manejo del cultivo viabilidad dormición |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/82030 |
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