An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia

Agriculture is the mainstay of Ethiopia’s economy, contributing more than 40% to GDP and providing a livelihood to about 80% of the population. Agriculture is dominated by smallholders growing predominantly rainfed cereals, making economic performance dependent on rainfall availability. This study u...

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Main Authors: Makombe, Godswill, Namara, Regassa E., Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele, Hagos, Fitsum, Kanjere, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: African Journals Online 2017
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/81146
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author Makombe, Godswill
Namara, Regassa E.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Hagos, Fitsum
Kanjere, M.
author_browse Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Hagos, Fitsum
Kanjere, M.
Makombe, Godswill
Namara, Regassa E.
author_facet Makombe, Godswill
Namara, Regassa E.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Hagos, Fitsum
Kanjere, M.
author_sort Makombe, Godswill
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Agriculture is the mainstay of Ethiopia’s economy, contributing more than 40% to GDP and providing a livelihood to about 80% of the population. Agriculture is dominated by smallholders growing predominantly rainfed cereals, making economic performance dependent on rainfall availability. This study used the stochastic frontier production function to analyse the productivity and technical efficiency of 4 different agricultural production systems in Ethiopia; namely, irrigated seasonal farms on traditional irrigation systems, irrigated seasonal farms on modern communal irrigation systems, rainfed seasonal farms for farmers who have access to irrigation and rainfed seasonal farms for farmers who do not have access to irrigation. Simple random samples of farmers were selected from lists of farmers. The sample of farmers constituted 122 from the traditional irrigated sites, 281 from the modern communal irrigated sites and 350 from the control rainfed sites of farmers without access to irrigation. For those farmers, from both traditional and modern communal irrigation, who also had access to rainfed farms, their rainfed farms were included in the sample of rainfed with access to irrigation. This sample constituted 434 farmers. The marginal productivity of land on modern communal irrigation systems shows that this is the smallholder irrigation option that should be developed by the Government of Ethiopia. However, the marginal productivity of land in the ‘rainfed without access to irrigation’ category is higher than that of the traditional irrigated system. Thus additional developed land should be put under ‘rainfed without access to irrigation’ before it is put under traditional irrigation; otherwise it should be developed into modern communal irrigation. The average technical efficiency for the modern irrigated system was estimated to be about 71%, whereas this was estimated to be 78% for the ‘rainfed without access to irrigation’ system. There are potential gains to be realised in improving efficiency in these two systems.
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spelling CGSpace811462025-11-12T05:10:22Z An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia Makombe, Godswill Namara, Regassa E. Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele Hagos, Fitsum Kanjere, M. floodplains satellite observation satellite imagery households natural disasters indigenous knowledge remote sensing risk reduction living standards farmland hydrology climate change catchment areas Agriculture is the mainstay of Ethiopia’s economy, contributing more than 40% to GDP and providing a livelihood to about 80% of the population. Agriculture is dominated by smallholders growing predominantly rainfed cereals, making economic performance dependent on rainfall availability. This study used the stochastic frontier production function to analyse the productivity and technical efficiency of 4 different agricultural production systems in Ethiopia; namely, irrigated seasonal farms on traditional irrigation systems, irrigated seasonal farms on modern communal irrigation systems, rainfed seasonal farms for farmers who have access to irrigation and rainfed seasonal farms for farmers who do not have access to irrigation. Simple random samples of farmers were selected from lists of farmers. The sample of farmers constituted 122 from the traditional irrigated sites, 281 from the modern communal irrigated sites and 350 from the control rainfed sites of farmers without access to irrigation. For those farmers, from both traditional and modern communal irrigation, who also had access to rainfed farms, their rainfed farms were included in the sample of rainfed with access to irrigation. This sample constituted 434 farmers. The marginal productivity of land on modern communal irrigation systems shows that this is the smallholder irrigation option that should be developed by the Government of Ethiopia. However, the marginal productivity of land in the ‘rainfed without access to irrigation’ category is higher than that of the traditional irrigated system. Thus additional developed land should be put under ‘rainfed without access to irrigation’ before it is put under traditional irrigation; otherwise it should be developed into modern communal irrigation. The average technical efficiency for the modern irrigated system was estimated to be about 71%, whereas this was estimated to be 78% for the ‘rainfed without access to irrigation’ system. There are potential gains to be realised in improving efficiency in these two systems. 2017 2017-05-22T06:13:52Z 2017-05-22T06:13:52Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/81146 en Open Access application/pdf African Journals Online Makombe, G.; Namara, R. E.; Awulachew, S. B.; Hagos, Fitsum; Kanjere, M. 2017. An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia. Water SA, 43(1):48-57. doi: 10.4314/wsa.v43i1.08
spellingShingle floodplains
satellite observation
satellite imagery
households
natural disasters
indigenous knowledge
remote sensing
risk reduction
living standards
farmland
hydrology
climate change
catchment areas
Makombe, Godswill
Namara, Regassa E.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Hagos, Fitsum
Kanjere, M.
An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia
title An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia
title_full An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia
title_fullStr An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia
title_short An analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia
title_sort analysis of the productivity and technical efficiency of smallholder irrigation in ethiopia
topic floodplains
satellite observation
satellite imagery
households
natural disasters
indigenous knowledge
remote sensing
risk reduction
living standards
farmland
hydrology
climate change
catchment areas
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/81146
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