Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia
Maintaining high vaccination coverage is key to successful rabies control, but mass dog vaccination can be challenging and population turnover erodes coverage. Declines in rabies incidence following successive island-wide vaccination campaigns in Bali suggest that prospects for controlling and ultim...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media
2017
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/79984 |
| _version_ | 1855520235005673472 |
|---|---|
| author | Arief, R.A. Hampson, Karen J. Jatikusumah, A. Widyastuti, M.D.W. Sunandar Basri, C. Putra, A.A.G. Willyanto, I. Estoepangestie, A.T.S. Mardiana, I.W. Kesuma, I.K.G.N. Sumantra, I.P. Doherty, Peter F. Salman, M.D. Gilbert, Jeffrey Unger, Fred |
| author_browse | Arief, R.A. Basri, C. Doherty, Peter F. Estoepangestie, A.T.S. Gilbert, Jeffrey Hampson, Karen J. Jatikusumah, A. Kesuma, I.K.G.N. Mardiana, I.W. Putra, A.A.G. Salman, M.D. Sumantra, I.P. Sunandar Unger, Fred Widyastuti, M.D.W. Willyanto, I. |
| author_facet | Arief, R.A. Hampson, Karen J. Jatikusumah, A. Widyastuti, M.D.W. Sunandar Basri, C. Putra, A.A.G. Willyanto, I. Estoepangestie, A.T.S. Mardiana, I.W. Kesuma, I.K.G.N. Sumantra, I.P. Doherty, Peter F. Salman, M.D. Gilbert, Jeffrey Unger, Fred |
| author_sort | Arief, R.A. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Maintaining high vaccination coverage is key to successful rabies control, but mass dog vaccination can be challenging and population turnover erodes coverage. Declines in rabies incidence following successive island-wide vaccination campaigns in Bali suggest that prospects for controlling and ultimately eliminating rabies are good. Rabies, however, has continued to circulate at low levels. In the push to eliminate rabies from Bali, high coverage needs to be maintained across all areas of the island. We carried out door-to-door (DTD) questionnaire surveys (n = 10,352 dog-owning households) and photographic mark–recapture surveys (536 line transects, 2,597 observations of free-roaming dogs) in 2011–2012 to estimate dog population sizes and assess rabies vaccination coverage and dog demographic characteristics in Bali, Indonesia. The median number of dogs per subvillage unit (banjar) was 43 (range 0–307) for owned dogs estimated from the DTD survey and 17 (range 0–83) for unconfined dogs (including both owned and unowned) from transects. Vaccination coverage of owned dogs was significantly higher in adults (91.4%) compared to juveniles (<1 year, 43.9%), likely due to insufficient targeting of pups and from puppies born subsequent to vaccination campaigns. Juveniles had a 10–70 times greater risk of not being vaccinated in urban, suburban, and rural areas [combined odds ratios (ORs): 9.9–71.1, 95% CI: 8.6–96.0]. Free-roaming owned dogs were also 2–3 times more likely to be not vaccinated compared to those confined (combined Ors: 1.9–3.6, 95% CI: 1.4–5.4), with more dogs being confined in urban (71.2%) than in suburban (16.1%) and rural areas (8.0%). Vaccination coverage estimates from transects were also much lower (30.9%) than household surveys (83.6%), possibly due to loss of collars used to identify the vaccination status of free-roaming dogs, but these unconfined dogs may also include dogs that were unowned or more difficult to vaccinate. Overall, coverage levels were high in the owned dog population, but for future campaigns in Bali to have the highest chance of eliminating rabies, concerted effort should be made to vaccinate free-roaming dogs particularly in suburban and rural areas, with advertising to ensure that owners vaccinate pups. Long-lasting, cheap, and quick methods are needed to mark vaccinated animals and reassure communities of the reach of vaccination campaigns. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace79984 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateRange | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media |
| publisherStr | Frontiers Media |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace799842025-02-27T08:45:17Z Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia Arief, R.A. Hampson, Karen J. Jatikusumah, A. Widyastuti, M.D.W. Sunandar Basri, C. Putra, A.A.G. Willyanto, I. Estoepangestie, A.T.S. Mardiana, I.W. Kesuma, I.K.G.N. Sumantra, I.P. Doherty, Peter F. Salman, M.D. Gilbert, Jeffrey Unger, Fred animal diseases vaccines zoonoses Maintaining high vaccination coverage is key to successful rabies control, but mass dog vaccination can be challenging and population turnover erodes coverage. Declines in rabies incidence following successive island-wide vaccination campaigns in Bali suggest that prospects for controlling and ultimately eliminating rabies are good. Rabies, however, has continued to circulate at low levels. In the push to eliminate rabies from Bali, high coverage needs to be maintained across all areas of the island. We carried out door-to-door (DTD) questionnaire surveys (n = 10,352 dog-owning households) and photographic mark–recapture surveys (536 line transects, 2,597 observations of free-roaming dogs) in 2011–2012 to estimate dog population sizes and assess rabies vaccination coverage and dog demographic characteristics in Bali, Indonesia. The median number of dogs per subvillage unit (banjar) was 43 (range 0–307) for owned dogs estimated from the DTD survey and 17 (range 0–83) for unconfined dogs (including both owned and unowned) from transects. Vaccination coverage of owned dogs was significantly higher in adults (91.4%) compared to juveniles (<1 year, 43.9%), likely due to insufficient targeting of pups and from puppies born subsequent to vaccination campaigns. Juveniles had a 10–70 times greater risk of not being vaccinated in urban, suburban, and rural areas [combined odds ratios (ORs): 9.9–71.1, 95% CI: 8.6–96.0]. Free-roaming owned dogs were also 2–3 times more likely to be not vaccinated compared to those confined (combined Ors: 1.9–3.6, 95% CI: 1.4–5.4), with more dogs being confined in urban (71.2%) than in suburban (16.1%) and rural areas (8.0%). Vaccination coverage estimates from transects were also much lower (30.9%) than household surveys (83.6%), possibly due to loss of collars used to identify the vaccination status of free-roaming dogs, but these unconfined dogs may also include dogs that were unowned or more difficult to vaccinate. Overall, coverage levels were high in the owned dog population, but for future campaigns in Bali to have the highest chance of eliminating rabies, concerted effort should be made to vaccinate free-roaming dogs particularly in suburban and rural areas, with advertising to ensure that owners vaccinate pups. Long-lasting, cheap, and quick methods are needed to mark vaccinated animals and reassure communities of the reach of vaccination campaigns. 2017-01-09 2017-02-23T09:09:09Z 2017-02-23T09:09:09Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/79984 en Open Access Frontiers Media Arief, R.A., Hampson, K., Jatikusumah, A., Widyastuti, M.D.W., Sunandar, Basri, C., Putra, A.A.G., Willyanto, I., Estoepangestie, A.T.S., Mardiana, I.W., Kesuma, I.K.G.N., Sumantra, I.P., Doherty, P.F. Jr., Salman, M.D., Gilbert, J. and Unger, F. 2017. Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia. Frontiers in Veterinary Science 3: 123. |
| spellingShingle | animal diseases vaccines zoonoses Arief, R.A. Hampson, Karen J. Jatikusumah, A. Widyastuti, M.D.W. Sunandar Basri, C. Putra, A.A.G. Willyanto, I. Estoepangestie, A.T.S. Mardiana, I.W. Kesuma, I.K.G.N. Sumantra, I.P. Doherty, Peter F. Salman, M.D. Gilbert, Jeffrey Unger, Fred Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia |
| title | Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia |
| title_full | Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia |
| title_fullStr | Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia |
| title_short | Determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in Bali, Indonesia |
| title_sort | determinants of vaccination coverage and consequences for rabies control in bali indonesia |
| topic | animal diseases vaccines zoonoses |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/79984 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ariefra determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT hampsonkarenj determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT jatikusumaha determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT widyastutimdw determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT sunandar determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT basric determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT putraaag determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT willyantoi determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT estoepangestieats determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT mardianaiw determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT kesumaikgn determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT sumantraip determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT dohertypeterf determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT salmanmd determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT gilbertjeffrey determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia AT ungerfred determinantsofvaccinationcoverageandconsequencesforrabiescontrolinbaliindonesia |