How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices
Open-burning of rice straw residues pollutes the air and contributes to global warming through emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Although burning of straw residues emits large amounts of CO2, this component of the smoke is not considered as net GHG emissions and only concludes the annual carbon...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Elsevier
2017
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/79435 |
| _version_ | 1855519708553412608 |
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| author | Romasanta, Ryan R. Sander, Bjoern Ole Gaihre, Yam Kanta Alberto, Ma.Carmelita Gummert, Martin Quilty, James Nguyen, Van Hung Castalone, Angeli Grace Balingbing, Carlito Sandro, Joseph Correa, Teodoro Wassmann, Reiner |
| author_browse | Alberto, Ma.Carmelita Balingbing, Carlito Castalone, Angeli Grace Correa, Teodoro Gaihre, Yam Kanta Gummert, Martin Nguyen, Van Hung Quilty, James Romasanta, Ryan R. Sander, Bjoern Ole Sandro, Joseph Wassmann, Reiner |
| author_facet | Romasanta, Ryan R. Sander, Bjoern Ole Gaihre, Yam Kanta Alberto, Ma.Carmelita Gummert, Martin Quilty, James Nguyen, Van Hung Castalone, Angeli Grace Balingbing, Carlito Sandro, Joseph Correa, Teodoro Wassmann, Reiner |
| author_sort | Romasanta, Ryan R. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Open-burning of rice straw residues pollutes the air and contributes to global warming through emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Although burning of straw residues emits large amounts of CO2, this component of the smoke is not considered as net GHG emissions and only concludes the annual carbon cycle that has started with photosynthesis. Hence, we focused on emissions of CH4 and N2O from open-field burning against a baseline of straw incorporation. The experimental approach combined a newly designed combustion chamber for the collection of smoke followed by chemical analysis (Exp. A) as well as field observations of soil-borne emissions for different straw treatments (Exp. B). At constant straw moisture of 10%, the mass-scaled Emission Factors (EFm) were 4.51 g CH4 and 0.069 g N2O per kg dry weight (kg−1dw) of straw. In Exp. B, we conducted field trials over two seasons with the following straw management practices: SRt − straw retained including stubbles and incorporated, PSRm − partial straw removal only stubbles incorporated, CSRm − complete straw removal including removal of stubbles, and SB − straw burned followed by incorporation of ash and unburned residues. Soil-borne emissions were recorded with a closed chamber approach whereas straw burning was computed indirectly using the EF from Exp. A. As metrics for comparison, we have used the GWP contributions of CH4 and N2O for the different straw management practices over two cropping seasons in the field. On an annual basis, SRt had the highest total GWP (8023 kg CO2eq ha−1). SB entailed a GWP of 4913 kg CO2eq ha−1 that was almost identical to the GWP of PSRm (4531 kg CO2eq ha−1). CSRm had the lowest GWP (3470 kg CO2eq ha−1) that was significantly lower than that of SRt. However, full GHG accounting of straw removed from the field will depend on the ensuing utilization of straw and the off-field emissions involved − which was outside of the boundaries of this study. The quantification of open field burning in this study can be instrumental for diverse purposes by providing data of an important component in emission inventories and carbon footprint analysis of rice. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace79435 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2017 |
| publishDateRange | 2017 |
| publishDateSort | 2017 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| publisherStr | Elsevier |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace794352026-01-06T12:03:45Z How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices Romasanta, Ryan R. Sander, Bjoern Ole Gaihre, Yam Kanta Alberto, Ma.Carmelita Gummert, Martin Quilty, James Nguyen, Van Hung Castalone, Angeli Grace Balingbing, Carlito Sandro, Joseph Correa, Teodoro Wassmann, Reiner climate change food security agriculture emission ecology Open-burning of rice straw residues pollutes the air and contributes to global warming through emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs). Although burning of straw residues emits large amounts of CO2, this component of the smoke is not considered as net GHG emissions and only concludes the annual carbon cycle that has started with photosynthesis. Hence, we focused on emissions of CH4 and N2O from open-field burning against a baseline of straw incorporation. The experimental approach combined a newly designed combustion chamber for the collection of smoke followed by chemical analysis (Exp. A) as well as field observations of soil-borne emissions for different straw treatments (Exp. B). At constant straw moisture of 10%, the mass-scaled Emission Factors (EFm) were 4.51 g CH4 and 0.069 g N2O per kg dry weight (kg−1dw) of straw. In Exp. B, we conducted field trials over two seasons with the following straw management practices: SRt − straw retained including stubbles and incorporated, PSRm − partial straw removal only stubbles incorporated, CSRm − complete straw removal including removal of stubbles, and SB − straw burned followed by incorporation of ash and unburned residues. Soil-borne emissions were recorded with a closed chamber approach whereas straw burning was computed indirectly using the EF from Exp. A. As metrics for comparison, we have used the GWP contributions of CH4 and N2O for the different straw management practices over two cropping seasons in the field. On an annual basis, SRt had the highest total GWP (8023 kg CO2eq ha−1). SB entailed a GWP of 4913 kg CO2eq ha−1 that was almost identical to the GWP of PSRm (4531 kg CO2eq ha−1). CSRm had the lowest GWP (3470 kg CO2eq ha−1) that was significantly lower than that of SRt. However, full GHG accounting of straw removed from the field will depend on the ensuing utilization of straw and the off-field emissions involved − which was outside of the boundaries of this study. The quantification of open field burning in this study can be instrumental for diverse purposes by providing data of an important component in emission inventories and carbon footprint analysis of rice. 2017-02 2017-01-28T11:11:53Z 2017-01-28T11:11:53Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/79435 en Open Access Elsevier Romasanta RR, Sander BO, Gaihre YK, Alberto MC, Gummert M, Quilty J, Sandro J, Correa Jr T, Wassmann R. 2017. How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices. Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 239:143-153. |
| spellingShingle | climate change food security agriculture emission ecology Romasanta, Ryan R. Sander, Bjoern Ole Gaihre, Yam Kanta Alberto, Ma.Carmelita Gummert, Martin Quilty, James Nguyen, Van Hung Castalone, Angeli Grace Balingbing, Carlito Sandro, Joseph Correa, Teodoro Wassmann, Reiner How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices |
| title | How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices |
| title_full | How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices |
| title_fullStr | How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices |
| title_full_unstemmed | How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices |
| title_short | How does burning of rice straw affect CH4 and N2O emissions? A comparative experiment of different on-field straw management practices |
| title_sort | how does burning of rice straw affect ch4 and n2o emissions a comparative experiment of different on field straw management practices |
| topic | climate change food security agriculture emission ecology |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/79435 |
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