perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops

The persistent challenge of insufficient food, unbalanced nutrition, and deteriorating natural resources in the most vulnerable nations, characterized by fast population growth, calls for utilization of innovative technologies to curb constraints of crop production. Enhancing genetic gain by using a...

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Main Authors: Gedil, Melaku A, Ferguson, Morag E., Girma Tessema, G., Gisel, A., Stavolone, L., Rabbi, Ismail Y.
Format: Book Chapter
Language:Inglés
Published: IntechOpen 2016
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/78217
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author Gedil, Melaku A
Ferguson, Morag E.
Girma Tessema, G.
Gisel, A.
Stavolone, L.
Rabbi, Ismail Y.
author_browse Ferguson, Morag E.
Gedil, Melaku A
Girma Tessema, G.
Gisel, A.
Rabbi, Ismail Y.
Stavolone, L.
author_facet Gedil, Melaku A
Ferguson, Morag E.
Girma Tessema, G.
Gisel, A.
Stavolone, L.
Rabbi, Ismail Y.
author_sort Gedil, Melaku A
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The persistent challenge of insufficient food, unbalanced nutrition, and deteriorating natural resources in the most vulnerable nations, characterized by fast population growth, calls for utilization of innovative technologies to curb constraints of crop production. Enhancing genetic gain by using a multipronged approach that combines conventional and genomic technologies for the development of stress-tolerant varieties with high yield and nutritional quality is necessary. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies holds the potential to dramatically impact the crop improvement process. NGS enables whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and re-sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, metagenomics, as well as high-throughput genotyping, which can be applied for genome selection (GS). It can also be applied to diversity analysis, genetic and epigenetic characterization of germplasm and pathogen detection, identification, and elimination. High-throughput phenotyping, integrated data management, and decision support tools form the necessary supporting environment for effective utilization of genome sequence information. It is important that these opportunities for mainstreaming innovative breeding strategies, enabled by cutting-edge “Omics” technologies, are seized in Africa; however, several constraints must be addressed before the benefit of NGS can be fully realized. African breeding programs must have access to high-throughput genotyping facilities, capacity in the application of genome selection and marker-assisted breeding must be built and supported by capacity in genomic analysis and bioinformatics. This chapter demonstrates how interventions with NGS-enabled innovative strategies can be applied to increase genetic gain with insights from the Consortium of International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) in general and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in particular.
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spelling CGSpace782172025-10-16T09:52:51Z perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops Gedil, Melaku A Ferguson, Morag E. Girma Tessema, G. Gisel, A. Stavolone, L. Rabbi, Ismail Y. food crops nutrition plant breeding next-generation sequencing genome selection developing countries food security bioinformatics dna The persistent challenge of insufficient food, unbalanced nutrition, and deteriorating natural resources in the most vulnerable nations, characterized by fast population growth, calls for utilization of innovative technologies to curb constraints of crop production. Enhancing genetic gain by using a multipronged approach that combines conventional and genomic technologies for the development of stress-tolerant varieties with high yield and nutritional quality is necessary. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies holds the potential to dramatically impact the crop improvement process. NGS enables whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and re-sequencing, transcriptome sequencing, metagenomics, as well as high-throughput genotyping, which can be applied for genome selection (GS). It can also be applied to diversity analysis, genetic and epigenetic characterization of germplasm and pathogen detection, identification, and elimination. High-throughput phenotyping, integrated data management, and decision support tools form the necessary supporting environment for effective utilization of genome sequence information. It is important that these opportunities for mainstreaming innovative breeding strategies, enabled by cutting-edge “Omics” technologies, are seized in Africa; however, several constraints must be addressed before the benefit of NGS can be fully realized. African breeding programs must have access to high-throughput genotyping facilities, capacity in the application of genome selection and marker-assisted breeding must be built and supported by capacity in genomic analysis and bioinformatics. This chapter demonstrates how interventions with NGS-enabled innovative strategies can be applied to increase genetic gain with insights from the Consortium of International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) in general and the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) in particular. 2016-01-14 2016-12-08T12:28:18Z 2016-12-08T12:28:18Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/78217 en Open Access application/pdf IntechOpen Gedil, M., Ferguson, M., Girma Tessema, G., Gisel, A., Stavolone, L. & Rabbi, I. (2016). Perspectives on the application of next-generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa’s staple food crops. In J.K. Kulski, Next generation sequencing - advances, applications and challenges(287-321). Croatia: Intech
spellingShingle food crops
nutrition
plant breeding
next-generation sequencing
genome selection
developing countries
food security
bioinformatics
dna
Gedil, Melaku A
Ferguson, Morag E.
Girma Tessema, G.
Gisel, A.
Stavolone, L.
Rabbi, Ismail Y.
perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops
title perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops
title_full perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops
title_fullStr perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops
title_full_unstemmed perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops
title_short perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of Africa's staple food crops
title_sort perspectives on the application of next generation sequencing to the improvement of africa s staple food crops
topic food crops
nutrition
plant breeding
next-generation sequencing
genome selection
developing countries
food security
bioinformatics
dna
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/78217
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