Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe

By increased rural-urban migration in many African countries, the assessment of changes in catchment hydrologic responses due to urbanization is critical for water resource planning and management. This paper assesses hydrological impacts of urbanization on two medium-sized Zimbabwean catchments (Mu...

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Autores principales: Gumindoga, W., Rientjes, T.H.M., Shekede, M.D., Rwasoka, D.T., Nhapi, I., Haile, Alemseged Tamiru
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2014
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/77507
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author Gumindoga, W.
Rientjes, T.H.M.
Shekede, M.D.
Rwasoka, D.T.
Nhapi, I.
Haile, Alemseged Tamiru
author_browse Gumindoga, W.
Haile, Alemseged Tamiru
Nhapi, I.
Rientjes, T.H.M.
Rwasoka, D.T.
Shekede, M.D.
author_facet Gumindoga, W.
Rientjes, T.H.M.
Shekede, M.D.
Rwasoka, D.T.
Nhapi, I.
Haile, Alemseged Tamiru
author_sort Gumindoga, W.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description By increased rural-urban migration in many African countries, the assessment of changes in catchment hydrologic responses due to urbanization is critical for water resource planning and management. This paper assesses hydrological impacts of urbanization on two medium-sized Zimbabwean catchments (Mukuvisi and Marimba) for which changes in land cover by urbanization were determined through Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for the years 1986, 1994 and 2008. Impact assessments were done through hydrological modeling by a topographically driven rainfall-runoff model (TOPMODEL). A satellite remote sensing based ASTER 30 metre Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used to compute the Topographic Index distribution, which is a key input to the model. Results of land cover classification indicated that urban areas increased by more than 600 % in the Mukuvisi catchment and by more than 200 % in the Marimba catchment between 1986 and 2008. Woodlands decreased by more than 40% with a greater decrease in Marimba than Mukuvisi catchment. Simulations using TOPMODEL in Marimba and Mukuvisi catchments indicated streamflow increases of 84.8 % and 73.6 %, respectively, from 1980 to 2010. These increases coincided with decreases in woodlands and increases in urban areas for the same period. The use of satellite remote sensing data to observe urbanization trends in semi-arid catchments and to represent catchment land surface characteristics proved to be effective for rainfall-runoff modeling. Findings of this study are of relevance for many African cities, which are experiencing rapid urbanization but often lack planning and design.
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spelling CGSpace775072025-06-17T08:24:05Z Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe Gumindoga, W. Rientjes, T.H.M. Shekede, M.D. Rwasoka, D.T. Nhapi, I. Haile, Alemseged Tamiru hydrological factors urbanization impact assessment catchment areas water management water resources water table land cover change remote sensing satellite imagery rain runoff models woodlands deforestation stream flow soils infiltration By increased rural-urban migration in many African countries, the assessment of changes in catchment hydrologic responses due to urbanization is critical for water resource planning and management. This paper assesses hydrological impacts of urbanization on two medium-sized Zimbabwean catchments (Mukuvisi and Marimba) for which changes in land cover by urbanization were determined through Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images for the years 1986, 1994 and 2008. Impact assessments were done through hydrological modeling by a topographically driven rainfall-runoff model (TOPMODEL). A satellite remote sensing based ASTER 30 metre Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was used to compute the Topographic Index distribution, which is a key input to the model. Results of land cover classification indicated that urban areas increased by more than 600 % in the Mukuvisi catchment and by more than 200 % in the Marimba catchment between 1986 and 2008. Woodlands decreased by more than 40% with a greater decrease in Marimba than Mukuvisi catchment. Simulations using TOPMODEL in Marimba and Mukuvisi catchments indicated streamflow increases of 84.8 % and 73.6 %, respectively, from 1980 to 2010. These increases coincided with decreases in woodlands and increases in urban areas for the same period. The use of satellite remote sensing data to observe urbanization trends in semi-arid catchments and to represent catchment land surface characteristics proved to be effective for rainfall-runoff modeling. Findings of this study are of relevance for many African cities, which are experiencing rapid urbanization but often lack planning and design. 2014 2016-11-01T13:39:37Z 2016-11-01T13:39:37Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/77507 en Open Access MDPI Gumindoga, W.; Rientjes, T.; Shekede, M. D.; Rwasoka, D. T.; Nhapi, I.; Haile, Alemseged Tamiru. 2014. Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe. Remote Sensing, 6(12):12544-12574. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs61212544
spellingShingle hydrological factors
urbanization
impact assessment
catchment areas
water management
water resources
water table
land cover change
remote sensing
satellite imagery
rain
runoff
models
woodlands
deforestation
stream flow
soils
infiltration
Gumindoga, W.
Rientjes, T.H.M.
Shekede, M.D.
Rwasoka, D.T.
Nhapi, I.
Haile, Alemseged Tamiru
Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe
title Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe
title_full Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe
title_fullStr Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe
title_full_unstemmed Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe
title_short Hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in Harare, Zimbabwe
title_sort hydrological impacts of urbanization of two catchments in harare zimbabwe
topic hydrological factors
urbanization
impact assessment
catchment areas
water management
water resources
water table
land cover change
remote sensing
satellite imagery
rain
runoff
models
woodlands
deforestation
stream flow
soils
infiltration
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/77507
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