Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile

Deforestation due to farmland expansion, fragile soils, undulating terrain, and heavy seasonal rains makes the highlands of Ethiopia vulnerable to soil erosion. The diverse terrain of the rural highlands requires spatially explicit investments in land management structures. This paper utilizes recen...

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Main Authors: Schmidt, Emily, Zemadim, Birhanu
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/76240
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author Schmidt, Emily
Zemadim, Birhanu
author_browse Schmidt, Emily
Zemadim, Birhanu
author_facet Schmidt, Emily
Zemadim, Birhanu
author_sort Schmidt, Emily
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Deforestation due to farmland expansion, fragile soils, undulating terrain, and heavy seasonal rains makes the highlands of Ethiopia vulnerable to soil erosion. The diverse terrain of the rural highlands requires spatially explicit investments in land management structures. This paper utilizes recent hydrological and meteorological data collected from the Mizewa watershed in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia, as well as household survey data on farmer preferences and investments, in order to better understand the physical impact of sustainable land management activities. The effectiveness of the simulated conservation practices (terraces, bunds, and residue management) is evaluated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool taking into account investment decisions on different terrain types. Simulations include terracing on steep and mid-range hillsides; a mix of terracing and bunds on varying slope gradients; and a mix of terraces and residue management on varying terrain. Simulated conservation practices are evaluated at the outlet of the Mizewa watershed by comparing model simulations that take into account the limited investments that currently exist (status quo) with simulations of increased terracing and residue management activities within the watershed. Results suggest that a mixed strategy of terracing on steep slopes and residue management on flat and middle slopes dramatically decrease surface runoff and erosion. A landscape-wide investment of terraces and bunds throughout the watershed landscape provides the greatest reduction in surface flow and erosion. However, the type and amount of investment in sustainable land management activities have different implications with respect to labor input and may be cost-prohibitive in the medium term.
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spelling CGSpace762402025-04-24T19:51:25Z Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile Schmidt, Emily Zemadim, Birhanu hydrological modelling models surface runoff hydrology soil moisture highlands water management sustainable land management residues investment water balance stream flow sediment agriculture soil conservation watersheds erosion land degradation terraces Deforestation due to farmland expansion, fragile soils, undulating terrain, and heavy seasonal rains makes the highlands of Ethiopia vulnerable to soil erosion. The diverse terrain of the rural highlands requires spatially explicit investments in land management structures. This paper utilizes recent hydrological and meteorological data collected from the Mizewa watershed in the Blue Nile Basin of Ethiopia, as well as household survey data on farmer preferences and investments, in order to better understand the physical impact of sustainable land management activities. The effectiveness of the simulated conservation practices (terraces, bunds, and residue management) is evaluated using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool taking into account investment decisions on different terrain types. Simulations include terracing on steep and mid-range hillsides; a mix of terracing and bunds on varying slope gradients; and a mix of terraces and residue management on varying terrain. Simulated conservation practices are evaluated at the outlet of the Mizewa watershed by comparing model simulations that take into account the limited investments that currently exist (status quo) with simulations of increased terracing and residue management activities within the watershed. Results suggest that a mixed strategy of terracing on steep slopes and residue management on flat and middle slopes dramatically decrease surface runoff and erosion. A landscape-wide investment of terraces and bunds throughout the watershed landscape provides the greatest reduction in surface flow and erosion. However, the type and amount of investment in sustainable land management activities have different implications with respect to labor input and may be cost-prohibitive in the medium term. 2015-08 2016-07-20T08:49:52Z 2016-07-20T08:49:52Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/76240 en Open Access Elsevier Schmidt, E.; Zemadim, Birhanu. 2015. Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile. Agricultural Water Management, 158:166-178. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2015.05.001
spellingShingle hydrological modelling
models
surface runoff
hydrology
soil moisture
highlands
water management
sustainable land management
residues
investment
water balance
stream flow
sediment
agriculture
soil conservation
watersheds
erosion
land degradation
terraces
Schmidt, Emily
Zemadim, Birhanu
Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile
title Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile
title_full Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile
title_fullStr Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile
title_full_unstemmed Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile
title_short Expanding sustainable land management in Ethiopia: scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the Blue Nile
title_sort expanding sustainable land management in ethiopia scenarios for improved agricultural water management in the blue nile
topic hydrological modelling
models
surface runoff
hydrology
soil moisture
highlands
water management
sustainable land management
residues
investment
water balance
stream flow
sediment
agriculture
soil conservation
watersheds
erosion
land degradation
terraces
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/76240
work_keys_str_mv AT schmidtemily expandingsustainablelandmanagementinethiopiascenariosforimprovedagriculturalwatermanagementinthebluenile
AT zemadimbirhanu expandingsustainablelandmanagementinethiopiascenariosforimprovedagriculturalwatermanagementinthebluenile