Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda.
Insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum (Xcm) have played a major role in long distance and plant to plant transmission of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW). The prevalence of insects has been reported to vary in space and time. Some banana cultivars have also been reported to attrac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Conference Paper |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
Plant Protection Society of Serbia
2015
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/69479 |
| _version_ | 1855529968887398400 |
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| author | Rutikanga, A. Night, G. Tusiime, Geoffrey Ocimati, W. Blomme, Guy |
| author_browse | Blomme, Guy Night, G. Ocimati, W. Rutikanga, A. Tusiime, Geoffrey |
| author_facet | Rutikanga, A. Night, G. Tusiime, Geoffrey Ocimati, W. Blomme, Guy |
| author_sort | Rutikanga, A. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum (Xcm) have played a major role
in long distance and plant to plant transmission of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW). The
prevalence of insects has been reported to vary in space and time. Some banana cultivars have
also been reported to attract more insect vectors of Xcm than others. The present study was
conducted to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xcm and
assess their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. The study was carried out in four
banana growing areas of Rwanda selected on the basis of their altitude (i.e.Low, Medium and
High). The Kivu Lake Border region was selected as a fourth site due to the high prevalence of
XW. Insects were sampled in the four annual seasons (short dry, short rainy, long dry and long
rainy) and at different times of the day. During sampling of insects, the incidence of XW-male
bud infection was also recorded. Collected insects were immediately sorted into taxonomic
groups and conserved in vials containing 70% ethanol for further identification to genus and
species level. Five insect specimens in each taxon were put aside for the isolation of Xcm on
their external body parts. There was a high prevalence of fruit flies, honey bees and other flies
(in other families than Drosophilidae and Tephritidae) compared with wasps, ants and beetles.
More insects were recorded in the low altitude area and during the long rainy season. These
findings correlated with the observed high incidence of XW in the wet seasons. Incidence of floral
infections was higher in the low altitudes declining with the increase in altitude, correlating with
the decline in insect activity as altitude increased. The activity of insects on banana male buds
varied among banana cultivars, with more activity on beer (AAA-East African Highland (EAH)
and ABB types) and dessert banana cultivars compared with cooking or mixed use cultivars.
Among the cooking types only ‘Injagi’ and its clone sets ‘Barabeshya’ and ‘Incakara’ attracted
large insect populations. Banana cultivars ‘Nkazikamwe’ (cooking AAA-EAH), ‘Impura’ (beer AAAEAH)
and ‘Ikinyangurube’ (dessert AAA) possessed persistent male bracts and neuter flowers
and were less attractive to flower visitors. These cultivars could be promoted in areas prone to
insect vector infections. Timely and proper de-budding should be emphasized with special
attention during the rainy seasons and for banana cultivars with non-persistent male buds. |
| format | Conference Paper |
| id | CGSpace69479 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2015 |
| publishDateRange | 2015 |
| publishDateSort | 2015 |
| publisher | Plant Protection Society of Serbia |
| publisherStr | Plant Protection Society of Serbia |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace694792025-11-05T07:31:33Z Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. Rutikanga, A. Night, G. Tusiime, Geoffrey Ocimati, W. Blomme, Guy xanthomonas campestris musa vectors vectorborne diseases spatial distribution seasonality varieties Insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum (Xcm) have played a major role in long distance and plant to plant transmission of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW). The prevalence of insects has been reported to vary in space and time. Some banana cultivars have also been reported to attract more insect vectors of Xcm than others. The present study was conducted to determine the spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xcm and assess their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. The study was carried out in four banana growing areas of Rwanda selected on the basis of their altitude (i.e.Low, Medium and High). The Kivu Lake Border region was selected as a fourth site due to the high prevalence of XW. Insects were sampled in the four annual seasons (short dry, short rainy, long dry and long rainy) and at different times of the day. During sampling of insects, the incidence of XW-male bud infection was also recorded. Collected insects were immediately sorted into taxonomic groups and conserved in vials containing 70% ethanol for further identification to genus and species level. Five insect specimens in each taxon were put aside for the isolation of Xcm on their external body parts. There was a high prevalence of fruit flies, honey bees and other flies (in other families than Drosophilidae and Tephritidae) compared with wasps, ants and beetles. More insects were recorded in the low altitude area and during the long rainy season. These findings correlated with the observed high incidence of XW in the wet seasons. Incidence of floral infections was higher in the low altitudes declining with the increase in altitude, correlating with the decline in insect activity as altitude increased. The activity of insects on banana male buds varied among banana cultivars, with more activity on beer (AAA-East African Highland (EAH) and ABB types) and dessert banana cultivars compared with cooking or mixed use cultivars. Among the cooking types only ‘Injagi’ and its clone sets ‘Barabeshya’ and ‘Incakara’ attracted large insect populations. Banana cultivars ‘Nkazikamwe’ (cooking AAA-EAH), ‘Impura’ (beer AAAEAH) and ‘Ikinyangurube’ (dessert AAA) possessed persistent male bracts and neuter flowers and were less attractive to flower visitors. These cultivars could be promoted in areas prone to insect vector infections. Timely and proper de-budding should be emphasized with special attention during the rainy seasons and for banana cultivars with non-persistent male buds. 2015 2016-01-07T11:08:24Z 2016-01-07T11:08:24Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/69479 en Open Access application/pdf Plant Protection Society of Serbia Rutikanga, A.; Night, G.; Tusiime, G.; Ocimati, W.; Blomme, G. (2015) Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. In: Proceedings of the 7th Congress on Plant Protection.(Marcic, D. et al. (eds.)) Plant Protection Society of Serbia, IOBC-EPRS, IOBC-WPRS, p. 139 - 153 ISBN: 978-86-83017-27-0 |
| spellingShingle | xanthomonas campestris musa vectors vectorborne diseases spatial distribution seasonality varieties Rutikanga, A. Night, G. Tusiime, Geoffrey Ocimati, W. Blomme, Guy Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. |
| title | Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. |
| title_full | Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. |
| title_fullStr | Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. |
| title_short | Spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in Rwanda. |
| title_sort | spatial and temporal distribution of insect vectors of xanthomonas campestris pv musacearum and their activity across banana cultivars grown in rwanda |
| topic | xanthomonas campestris musa vectors vectorborne diseases spatial distribution seasonality varieties |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/69479 |
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