The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift

Elevated level of fluoride (F-) in drinking water is a well-recognized risk factor of dental fluorosis (DF). While considering optimization of region-specific standards for F-, it is reasonable, however, to consider how local diet, water sourcing practices, and non-F- elements in water may be relate...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kravchenko, J., Rango, T., Akushevich, I., Atlaw, B., McCornick, Peter G., Merola, R.B., Paul, C., Weinthal, E., Harrison, C., Vengosh, A., Jeuland, M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2014
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/58363
_version_ 1855518543053848576
author Kravchenko, J.
Rango, T.
Akushevich, I.
Atlaw, B.
McCornick, Peter G.
Merola, R.B.
Paul, C.
Weinthal, E.
Harrison, C.
Vengosh, A.
Jeuland, M.
author_browse Akushevich, I.
Atlaw, B.
Harrison, C.
Jeuland, M.
Kravchenko, J.
McCornick, Peter G.
Merola, R.B.
Paul, C.
Rango, T.
Vengosh, A.
Weinthal, E.
author_facet Kravchenko, J.
Rango, T.
Akushevich, I.
Atlaw, B.
McCornick, Peter G.
Merola, R.B.
Paul, C.
Weinthal, E.
Harrison, C.
Vengosh, A.
Jeuland, M.
author_sort Kravchenko, J.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Elevated level of fluoride (F-) in drinking water is a well-recognized risk factor of dental fluorosis (DF). While considering optimization of region-specific standards for F-, it is reasonable, however, to consider how local diet, water sourcing practices, and non-F- elements in water may be related to health outcomes. In this study, we hypothesized that non-F- elements in groundwater and lifestyle and demographic characteristics may be independent predictors or modifiers of the effects of F- on teeth. Dental examinations were conducted among 1094 inhabitants from 399 randomly-selected households of 20 rural communities of the Ziway–Shala lake basin of the Main Ethiopian Rift. DF severity was evaluated using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI). Household surveys were performed and water samples were collected from community water sources. To consider interrelations between the teeth within individual (in terms of DF severity) and between F- and non-F- elements in groundwater, the statistical methods of regression analysis, mixed models, and principal component analysis were used. About 90% of study participants consumed water from wells with F- levels above theWHO recommended standard of 1.5 mg/l. More than 62% of the study population had DF. F- levels were a major factor associated with DF. Age, sex, and milk consumption (both cow's and breastfed)were also statistically significantly (p b 0.05) associated with DF severity; these associations appear both independently and as modifiers of those identified between F- concentration and DF severity. Among 35 examined elements in groundwater, Ca, Al, Cu, and Rb were found to be significantly correlated with dental health outcomes among the residents exposed to waterwith excessive F- concentrations. Quantitative estimates obtained in our study can be used to explore new water treatment strategies, water safety and quality regulations, and lifestyle recommendations which may be more appropriate for this highly populated region.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace58363
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2014
publishDateRange 2014
publishDateSort 2014
publisher Elsevier
publisherStr Elsevier
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace583632025-06-17T08:23:26Z The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift Kravchenko, J. Rango, T. Akushevich, I. Atlaw, B. McCornick, Peter G. Merola, R.B. Paul, C. Weinthal, E. Harrison, C. Vengosh, A. Jeuland, M. rural population dental caries fluorides fluorosis drinking water groundwater water quality pollutants health hazards household consumption milk consumption pollution environmental engineering Elevated level of fluoride (F-) in drinking water is a well-recognized risk factor of dental fluorosis (DF). While considering optimization of region-specific standards for F-, it is reasonable, however, to consider how local diet, water sourcing practices, and non-F- elements in water may be related to health outcomes. In this study, we hypothesized that non-F- elements in groundwater and lifestyle and demographic characteristics may be independent predictors or modifiers of the effects of F- on teeth. Dental examinations were conducted among 1094 inhabitants from 399 randomly-selected households of 20 rural communities of the Ziway–Shala lake basin of the Main Ethiopian Rift. DF severity was evaluated using the Thylstrup-Fejerskov Index (TFI). Household surveys were performed and water samples were collected from community water sources. To consider interrelations between the teeth within individual (in terms of DF severity) and between F- and non-F- elements in groundwater, the statistical methods of regression analysis, mixed models, and principal component analysis were used. About 90% of study participants consumed water from wells with F- levels above theWHO recommended standard of 1.5 mg/l. More than 62% of the study population had DF. F- levels were a major factor associated with DF. Age, sex, and milk consumption (both cow's and breastfed)were also statistically significantly (p b 0.05) associated with DF severity; these associations appear both independently and as modifiers of those identified between F- concentration and DF severity. Among 35 examined elements in groundwater, Ca, Al, Cu, and Rb were found to be significantly correlated with dental health outcomes among the residents exposed to waterwith excessive F- concentrations. Quantitative estimates obtained in our study can be used to explore new water treatment strategies, water safety and quality regulations, and lifestyle recommendations which may be more appropriate for this highly populated region. 2014-08 2015-03-17T14:39:51Z 2015-03-17T14:39:51Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/58363 en Limited Access Elsevier Kravchenko, J.; Rango, T.; Akushevich, I.; Atlaw, B.; McCornick, Peter G.; Merola, R. B; Paul, C; Weinthal, E.; Harrison, C.; Vengosh, A.; Jeuland, M. 2014. The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift. Science of the Total Environment, 488-489:595-606. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.12.087
spellingShingle rural population
dental caries
fluorides
fluorosis
drinking water
groundwater
water quality
pollutants
health hazards
household consumption
milk consumption
pollution
environmental engineering
Kravchenko, J.
Rango, T.
Akushevich, I.
Atlaw, B.
McCornick, Peter G.
Merola, R.B.
Paul, C.
Weinthal, E.
Harrison, C.
Vengosh, A.
Jeuland, M.
The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift
title The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift
title_full The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift
title_fullStr The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift
title_full_unstemmed The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift
title_short The effect of non-fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis: evidence from rural populations of the Main Ethiopian Rift
title_sort effect of non fluoride factors on risk of dental fluorosis evidence from rural populations of the main ethiopian rift
topic rural population
dental caries
fluorides
fluorosis
drinking water
groundwater
water quality
pollutants
health hazards
household consumption
milk consumption
pollution
environmental engineering
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/58363
work_keys_str_mv AT kravchenkoj theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT rangot theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT akushevichi theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT atlawb theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT mccornickpeterg theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT merolarb theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT paulc theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT weinthale theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT harrisonc theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT vengosha theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT jeulandm theeffectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT kravchenkoj effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT rangot effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT akushevichi effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT atlawb effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT mccornickpeterg effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT merolarb effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT paulc effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT weinthale effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT harrisonc effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT vengosha effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift
AT jeulandm effectofnonfluoridefactorsonriskofdentalfluorosisevidencefromruralpopulationsofthemainethiopianrift