Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil
It is widely recognized that less than 50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is recovered by crops and,based on current fertilizer prices,the economic value of this "wasted" N globally is currently estimated as US$81 billion annually. Worse still, this "wasted" N has major effects on the environmen...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
International Center for Tropical Agriculture
2014
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/56812 |
| _version_ | 1855514211627565056 |
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| author | Rao, Idupulapati M. Ishitani, Manabu Miles, John W. Peters, Michael Tohme, Joseph M. Arango, Jacobo Moreta, Danilo E López, Hernán Castro, Aracely Hoek, Rein van der Martens, Siriwan D. Hyman, Glenn G. Tapasco, Jeimar Duitama, Jorge Suárez Baron, Harold Borrero, Gonzalo Núñez, Jonathan Hartmann, Katharina Domínguez, Moralba Sotelo Cabrera, Mauricio Efren Vergara, Daniel Lavelle, Patrick M. Subbaraoa, Guntur V. Rincón, Álvaro Plazas, Camilo Mendoza, Reynaldo Rathjen, Lena Karwat, Hannes Cadisch, Georg |
| author_browse | Arango, Jacobo Borrero, Gonzalo Cadisch, Georg Castro, Aracely Domínguez, Moralba Duitama, Jorge Hartmann, Katharina Hoek, Rein van der Hyman, Glenn G. Ishitani, Manabu Karwat, Hannes Lavelle, Patrick M. López, Hernán Martens, Siriwan D. Mendoza, Reynaldo Miles, John W. Moreta, Danilo E Núñez, Jonathan Peters, Michael Plazas, Camilo Rao, Idupulapati M. Rathjen, Lena Rincón, Álvaro Sotelo Cabrera, Mauricio Efren Subbaraoa, Guntur V. Suárez Baron, Harold Tapasco, Jeimar Tohme, Joseph M. Vergara, Daniel |
| author_facet | Rao, Idupulapati M. Ishitani, Manabu Miles, John W. Peters, Michael Tohme, Joseph M. Arango, Jacobo Moreta, Danilo E López, Hernán Castro, Aracely Hoek, Rein van der Martens, Siriwan D. Hyman, Glenn G. Tapasco, Jeimar Duitama, Jorge Suárez Baron, Harold Borrero, Gonzalo Núñez, Jonathan Hartmann, Katharina Domínguez, Moralba Sotelo Cabrera, Mauricio Efren Vergara, Daniel Lavelle, Patrick M. Subbaraoa, Guntur V. Rincón, Álvaro Plazas, Camilo Mendoza, Reynaldo Rathjen, Lena Karwat, Hannes Cadisch, Georg |
| author_sort | Rao, Idupulapati M. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | It is widely recognized that less than 50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is recovered by crops and,based on current fertilizer prices,the economic value of this "wasted" N globally is currently estimated as US$81 billion annually. Worse still, this "wasted" N has major effects on the environment (Subbarao et al.2012). CIAT researchers and their collaborators in Japan reported a major breakthrough in managing N to benefit both agri-culture and the environment (Subbarao et al.2009). Termed "Biological Nitrification Inhibition" (BNI),this natural phenomenon has been the subject of long-term collaborative research that revealed the mechanism by which certain plants (especially the tropical pasture grass Brachiaria humidicola) naturally inhibit the conversion of N in the soil from a stable form to forms subject to leaching loss (NO3) or to the potent greenhouse gas N2O (Subbarao et al. 2012). B.humidicola, which is well adapted to the low-nitrogen soils of South American savannas, has shown high BNI capacity among the tropical grasses tested (Subbarao et al.2007). The major inhibitor in Brachiaria grasses is brachialactone, a cyclic diterpene (Subbarao et al.2009). Reduction of N loss from the soil under a B. humidicola pasture has a direct and beneficial environmental effect. We hypothesize that this conservation of soil N will have an additional positive impact on a subsequent crop (e.g. maize). At present, recovery of fertilizer N and the impact on crop yield is not known. The main purpose of our interinstitutional and multidisciplinary project, targeting small-scale farmers, is to develop the innovative approach of BNI using B. humidicola hybrids to realize sustainable economic and environmental benefits from integrated crop-livestock production systems. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace56812 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2014 |
| publishDateRange | 2014 |
| publishDateSort | 2014 |
| publisher | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| publisherStr | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace568122025-11-12T05:53:02Z Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil Rao, Idupulapati M. Ishitani, Manabu Miles, John W. Peters, Michael Tohme, Joseph M. Arango, Jacobo Moreta, Danilo E López, Hernán Castro, Aracely Hoek, Rein van der Martens, Siriwan D. Hyman, Glenn G. Tapasco, Jeimar Duitama, Jorge Suárez Baron, Harold Borrero, Gonzalo Núñez, Jonathan Hartmann, Katharina Domínguez, Moralba Sotelo Cabrera, Mauricio Efren Vergara, Daniel Lavelle, Patrick M. Subbaraoa, Guntur V. Rincón, Álvaro Plazas, Camilo Mendoza, Reynaldo Rathjen, Lena Karwat, Hannes Cadisch, Georg feed crops brachiaria genetic markers nitrification fertilizers climate change soil fertility smallholders marcadores genéticos nitrificación fertilizantes cambio climático fertilidad del suelo It is widely recognized that less than 50% of applied nitrogen (N) fertilizer is recovered by crops and,based on current fertilizer prices,the economic value of this "wasted" N globally is currently estimated as US$81 billion annually. Worse still, this "wasted" N has major effects on the environment (Subbarao et al.2012). CIAT researchers and their collaborators in Japan reported a major breakthrough in managing N to benefit both agri-culture and the environment (Subbarao et al.2009). Termed "Biological Nitrification Inhibition" (BNI),this natural phenomenon has been the subject of long-term collaborative research that revealed the mechanism by which certain plants (especially the tropical pasture grass Brachiaria humidicola) naturally inhibit the conversion of N in the soil from a stable form to forms subject to leaching loss (NO3) or to the potent greenhouse gas N2O (Subbarao et al. 2012). B.humidicola, which is well adapted to the low-nitrogen soils of South American savannas, has shown high BNI capacity among the tropical grasses tested (Subbarao et al.2007). The major inhibitor in Brachiaria grasses is brachialactone, a cyclic diterpene (Subbarao et al.2009). Reduction of N loss from the soil under a B. humidicola pasture has a direct and beneficial environmental effect. We hypothesize that this conservation of soil N will have an additional positive impact on a subsequent crop (e.g. maize). At present, recovery of fertilizer N and the impact on crop yield is not known. The main purpose of our interinstitutional and multidisciplinary project, targeting small-scale farmers, is to develop the innovative approach of BNI using B. humidicola hybrids to realize sustainable economic and environmental benefits from integrated crop-livestock production systems. 2014 2015-02-19T18:44:33Z 2015-02-19T18:44:33Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/56812 en Open Access application/pdf International Center for Tropical Agriculture Rao, Idupulapati Madhusudana; Ishitani, Manabu; Miles, John; Peters, Michael; Tohme, Joseph M.; Arango, Jacobo; Moreta, Danilo E.; Lopez, Hernán; Castro, Aracely; Van der Hoek, Rein; Martens, Siriwan; Hyman, Glenn; Tapasco, Jeimar; Duitama, Jorge; Suárez, Harold; Borrero, Gonzalo; Núñez, Jonathan; Hartmann, Katharina; Domínguez, Moralba; Sotelo, Mauricio; Vergara, Daniel; Lavelle, Patrick; Subbarao, Guntur v.; Rincon, Alvaro; Plazas, Camilo; Mendoza, Reynaldo; Rathjen, Lena; Karwat, Hannes; Cadisch, Georg. 2014. Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics : Integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil. Tropical Grasslands – Forrajes Tropicales 2 : 130-132. |
| spellingShingle | feed crops brachiaria genetic markers nitrification fertilizers climate change soil fertility smallholders marcadores genéticos nitrificación fertilizantes cambio climático fertilidad del suelo Rao, Idupulapati M. Ishitani, Manabu Miles, John W. Peters, Michael Tohme, Joseph M. Arango, Jacobo Moreta, Danilo E López, Hernán Castro, Aracely Hoek, Rein van der Martens, Siriwan D. Hyman, Glenn G. Tapasco, Jeimar Duitama, Jorge Suárez Baron, Harold Borrero, Gonzalo Núñez, Jonathan Hartmann, Katharina Domínguez, Moralba Sotelo Cabrera, Mauricio Efren Vergara, Daniel Lavelle, Patrick M. Subbaraoa, Guntur V. Rincón, Álvaro Plazas, Camilo Mendoza, Reynaldo Rathjen, Lena Karwat, Hannes Cadisch, Georg Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| title | Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| title_full | Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| title_fullStr | Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| title_short | Climate-smart crop-livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics: integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| title_sort | climate smart crop livestock systems for smallholders in the tropics integration of new forage hybrids to intensify agriculture and to mitigate climate change through regulation of nitrification in soil |
| topic | feed crops brachiaria genetic markers nitrification fertilizers climate change soil fertility smallholders marcadores genéticos nitrificación fertilizantes cambio climático fertilidad del suelo |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/56812 |
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