Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources

Cassava is mostly growing by resource-limited farmers in the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania. The crop is an important source of food and income for millions in the tropics. Vegetative propagation, bulkiness of planting material and risk of genetic erosion make cassava an ideal target for innovat...

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Autores principales: Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H., Mafla, G., Roca, W.
Formato: Conference Paper
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: International Center for Tropical Agriculture 1995
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/55848
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author Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H.
Mafla, G.
Roca, W.
author_browse Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H.
Mafla, G.
Roca, W.
author_facet Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H.
Mafla, G.
Roca, W.
author_sort Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Cassava is mostly growing by resource-limited farmers in the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania. The crop is an important source of food and income for millions in the tropics. Vegetative propagation, bulkiness of planting material and risk of genetic erosion make cassava an ideal target for innovative approaches in genetic conservation. At CIAT, an in vitro active gene bank (IVAG) has been established, maintaining under slow growth nearly 5500 clones of the world cultivated and wild Manihot collections. While the IVAG requires periodic subculturing and is labor intensive, ultra-rapid freezing in liquid nitrogen (LN) is ideal as it stops all cell functions, avoiding cell deterioration, to achieve long-term preservation of genotypes. We have developed a basic protocol to recover viable cassava shoot tips from LN with the cultivar (cv.) M Col 22 used as a model, and thereafter reproduced with several cultivars representing wide geographic distribution. Several factors contributed to successful cassava cryopreservation with tissue dehydration being critical; preculture of shoot tips to initiate growth, followed by cryoprotection with sorbitol and DMSO, were also important for obtaining high survival. Rate of plantlet recovery after freezing increased when shoot tips were incubated in a low concentration, semi-solid medium. Direct immersion of shoot tips in LN has recently resulted in plant recovery rates as high as with the programmed cooling protocol. Further work on cassava cryopreservation includes the logistical aspects for establishing a cassava in vitro base gene bank in LN
format Conference Paper
id CGSpace55848
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 1995
publishDateRange 1995
publishDateSort 1995
publisher International Center for Tropical Agriculture
publisherStr International Center for Tropical Agriculture
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spelling CGSpace558482024-01-09T09:49:27Z Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H. Mafla, G. Roca, W. manihot esculenta biological preservation freezing genetic resources conservación biológica congelación recursos genéticos Cassava is mostly growing by resource-limited farmers in the Americas, Africa, Asia and Oceania. The crop is an important source of food and income for millions in the tropics. Vegetative propagation, bulkiness of planting material and risk of genetic erosion make cassava an ideal target for innovative approaches in genetic conservation. At CIAT, an in vitro active gene bank (IVAG) has been established, maintaining under slow growth nearly 5500 clones of the world cultivated and wild Manihot collections. While the IVAG requires periodic subculturing and is labor intensive, ultra-rapid freezing in liquid nitrogen (LN) is ideal as it stops all cell functions, avoiding cell deterioration, to achieve long-term preservation of genotypes. We have developed a basic protocol to recover viable cassava shoot tips from LN with the cultivar (cv.) M Col 22 used as a model, and thereafter reproduced with several cultivars representing wide geographic distribution. Several factors contributed to successful cassava cryopreservation with tissue dehydration being critical; preculture of shoot tips to initiate growth, followed by cryoprotection with sorbitol and DMSO, were also important for obtaining high survival. Rate of plantlet recovery after freezing increased when shoot tips were incubated in a low concentration, semi-solid medium. Direct immersion of shoot tips in LN has recently resulted in plant recovery rates as high as with the programmed cooling protocol. Further work on cassava cryopreservation includes the logistical aspects for establishing a cassava in vitro base gene bank in LN 1995 2015-01-28T14:21:53Z 2015-01-28T14:21:53Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/55848 en Open Access International Center for Tropical Agriculture Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H.; Mafla B., Graciela; Roca, William M. 1995. Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources. In: International Scientific Meeting (2, 1984, Bogor, Indonesia). The Cassava Biotechnology Network: Proceedings. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, CO. v. 1, p. 190-193. (Working document no. 150)
spellingShingle manihot esculenta
biological preservation
freezing
genetic resources
conservación biológica
congelación
recursos genéticos
Escobar Pérez, Roosevelt H.
Mafla, G.
Roca, W.
Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources
title Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources
title_full Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources
title_fullStr Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources
title_full_unstemmed Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources
title_short Cryopreservation for long-term conservation of cassava genetic resources
title_sort cryopreservation for long term conservation of cassava genetic resources
topic manihot esculenta
biological preservation
freezing
genetic resources
conservación biológica
congelación
recursos genéticos
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/55848
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