Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados
Intensive farming and grazing on Oxisols of the Brazilian savannas (also known as the Cerrados) are leading to loss of soil organic matter (SOM) and consequently to a decline in fertility and sustainability of the soils. Alternative land-use systems such as the introduction of legumes in pastures an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Book Chapter |
| Language: | Inglés |
| Published: |
International Center for Tropical Agriculture
1999
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/55131 |
| _version_ | 1855535334140411904 |
|---|---|
| author | Fuhrmann, S Neudelft, H Westerhof, R Ayarza, Miguel Angel Silva, J.E. da Zech, W. |
| author_browse | Ayarza, Miguel Angel Fuhrmann, S Neudelft, H Silva, J.E. da Westerhof, R Zech, W. |
| author_facet | Fuhrmann, S Neudelft, H Westerhof, R Ayarza, Miguel Angel Silva, J.E. da Zech, W. |
| author_sort | Fuhrmann, S |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Intensive farming and grazing on Oxisols of the Brazilian savannas (also known as the Cerrados) are leading to loss of soil organic matter (SOM) and consequently to a decline in fertility and sustainability of the soils. Alternative land-use systems such as the introduction of legumes in pastures and the use of no-tillage systems can reverse this process. In this study, the effects of seven land-use systems (native savanna, forest, degraded pasture, improved pure-grass pasture, improved grass/legume pasture, conventional cropping, and no-tillage cropping) on the SOM and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (Npo) were examined in whole-soil samples and particle-size separates. In addition, sugars and amino acids were determined for a better understanding of SOM dynamics. Compared with native savanna, soil organic carbon (SOC), cellulosic and noncellulosic polysaccharides (CPs and NCPs, respectively), amino sugars, and Npot decreased under forest and increased under pastures. The positive influence of improved pasture systems, especially the grass/legume pasture, was clearly recognizable. Under the no-tillage system, SOC and Npot levels increased, compared with conventional tillage. These differences were clearest in the sand fractions of the particle-size separates. The sugar dynamics reflected decomposition of plant tissue and subsequent accumulation of microbial sugars. The ratio of glucosamine to muramic acid increased from coarse sand to fine sand and thereafter decreased toward clay. The cause may be a stronger association of fungal hyphae with fine roots in the fine-sand fraction and an increased association of bacteria with the clay fraction. Amino sugars appeared to be an important source of Npot. |
| format | Book Chapter |
| id | CGSpace55131 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 1999 |
| publishDateRange | 1999 |
| publishDateSort | 1999 |
| publisher | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| publisherStr | International Center for Tropical Agriculture |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace551312024-01-09T09:49:15Z Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados Fuhrmann, S Neudelft, H Westerhof, R Ayarza, Miguel Angel Silva, J.E. da Zech, W. carbon nitrogen content savannas mineralization permanganates land use soil organic matter cerrados carbono contenido de nitrógeno sabanas mineralización permanganatos materia orgánica del suelo utilización de la tierra Intensive farming and grazing on Oxisols of the Brazilian savannas (also known as the Cerrados) are leading to loss of soil organic matter (SOM) and consequently to a decline in fertility and sustainability of the soils. Alternative land-use systems such as the introduction of legumes in pastures and the use of no-tillage systems can reverse this process. In this study, the effects of seven land-use systems (native savanna, forest, degraded pasture, improved pure-grass pasture, improved grass/legume pasture, conventional cropping, and no-tillage cropping) on the SOM and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (Npo) were examined in whole-soil samples and particle-size separates. In addition, sugars and amino acids were determined for a better understanding of SOM dynamics. Compared with native savanna, soil organic carbon (SOC), cellulosic and noncellulosic polysaccharides (CPs and NCPs, respectively), amino sugars, and Npot decreased under forest and increased under pastures. The positive influence of improved pasture systems, especially the grass/legume pasture, was clearly recognizable. Under the no-tillage system, SOC and Npot levels increased, compared with conventional tillage. These differences were clearest in the sand fractions of the particle-size separates. The sugar dynamics reflected decomposition of plant tissue and subsequent accumulation of microbial sugars. The ratio of glucosamine to muramic acid increased from coarse sand to fine sand and thereafter decreased toward clay. The cause may be a stronger association of fungal hyphae with fine roots in the fine-sand fraction and an increased association of bacteria with the clay fraction. Amino sugars appeared to be an important source of Npot. 1999 2015-01-28T14:17:27Z 2015-01-28T14:17:27Z Book Chapter https://hdl.handle.net/10568/55131 en Open Access International Center for Tropical Agriculture Fuhrmann, Sabine; Neudelft, Henry; Westerhof, Roelof; Ayarza, Miguel Angel; Silva, José Eurípides da; Zech, Wolfgang. 1999. Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados. In: Thomas, Richard J.; Ayarza, Miguel Angel (eds.). Sustainable land management for the oxisols of the Latin American savannas: Dynamics of soil organic matter and indicators of soil quality. Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, CO. p. 110-122. (CIAT publication no. 312) |
| spellingShingle | carbon nitrogen content savannas mineralization permanganates land use soil organic matter cerrados carbono contenido de nitrógeno sabanas mineralización permanganatos materia orgánica del suelo utilización de la tierra Fuhrmann, S Neudelft, H Westerhof, R Ayarza, Miguel Angel Silva, J.E. da Zech, W. Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados |
| title | Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados |
| title_full | Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados |
| title_fullStr | Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados |
| title_full_unstemmed | Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados |
| title_short | Soil organic carbon, carbohydrates, amino sugars, and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land-use systems in oxisols of the Brazilian cerrados |
| title_sort | soil organic carbon carbohydrates amino sugars and potentially mineralizable nitrogen under different land use systems in oxisols of the brazilian cerrados |
| topic | carbon nitrogen content savannas mineralization permanganates land use soil organic matter cerrados carbono contenido de nitrógeno sabanas mineralización permanganatos materia orgánica del suelo utilización de la tierra |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/55131 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT fuhrmanns soilorganiccarboncarbohydratesaminosugarsandpotentiallymineralizablenitrogenunderdifferentlandusesystemsinoxisolsofthebraziliancerrados AT neudelfth soilorganiccarboncarbohydratesaminosugarsandpotentiallymineralizablenitrogenunderdifferentlandusesystemsinoxisolsofthebraziliancerrados AT westerhofr soilorganiccarboncarbohydratesaminosugarsandpotentiallymineralizablenitrogenunderdifferentlandusesystemsinoxisolsofthebraziliancerrados AT ayarzamiguelangel soilorganiccarboncarbohydratesaminosugarsandpotentiallymineralizablenitrogenunderdifferentlandusesystemsinoxisolsofthebraziliancerrados AT silvajeda soilorganiccarboncarbohydratesaminosugarsandpotentiallymineralizablenitrogenunderdifferentlandusesystemsinoxisolsofthebraziliancerrados AT zechw soilorganiccarboncarbohydratesaminosugarsandpotentiallymineralizablenitrogenunderdifferentlandusesystemsinoxisolsofthebraziliancerrados |