Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania

Improved agronomic management is important to reduce yield gaps and enhance food security in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was undertaken to understand contributing factors to observed yield gaps for maize in farmer fields and to demonstrate appropriate agronomic survey methods. The study aimed to...

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Main Authors: Kihara, Job Maguta, Tamene, Lulseged D., Massawe, P., Bekunda, Mateete A.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2015
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/51658
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author Kihara, Job Maguta
Tamene, Lulseged D.
Massawe, P.
Bekunda, Mateete A.
author_browse Bekunda, Mateete A.
Kihara, Job Maguta
Massawe, P.
Tamene, Lulseged D.
author_facet Kihara, Job Maguta
Tamene, Lulseged D.
Massawe, P.
Bekunda, Mateete A.
author_sort Kihara, Job Maguta
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Improved agronomic management is important to reduce yield gaps and enhance food security in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was undertaken to understand contributing factors to observed yield gaps for maize in farmer fields and to demonstrate appropriate agronomic survey methods. The study aimed to (1) demonstrate an approach for farm-level agronomic survey, (2) identify key crop production constraints and (3) define the nutrient input and output balances of different fields. Agronomic survey was conducted in 117 farmer fields randomly distributed in a 10 km by 10 km block in Babati, northern Tanzania. A semi-structured questionnaire and production measurements were used to collect data which were analyzed with regression classification and mixed effect models. The exploitable maize yield gap at farm-level reaches up to 7.4 t ha−1, and only <5 % of fields achieve maize grain yield of 5 t ha−1. Slope, plant density, distance from homestead, crop variety, timing of planting and period since conversion significantly influenced maize yields. For example, fields on flat land had up to 1.6 t ha−1 more maize grain yield than those on steep slopes while fields with plant density >24,000 plants ha−1 had 900 kg ha−1 more yield than those with less density. At least 52 % of the fields had negative nutrient balances. We conclude that cropping systems used in Babati should be preferentially supplemented with mineral fertilizers while optimizing plant density, increasing manure application and appropriate varietal choice in order to reduce the yield gaps.
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spelling CGSpace516582025-03-13T09:44:49Z Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania Kihara, Job Maguta Tamene, Lulseged D. Massawe, P. Bekunda, Mateete A. plant population yield gap crop yield agricultural research yields maize fertilizer application inorganic fertilizers población vegetal rendimiento de cultivos investigación agraria rendimiento maiz aplicación de abonos abonos inorgánicos Improved agronomic management is important to reduce yield gaps and enhance food security in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was undertaken to understand contributing factors to observed yield gaps for maize in farmer fields and to demonstrate appropriate agronomic survey methods. The study aimed to (1) demonstrate an approach for farm-level agronomic survey, (2) identify key crop production constraints and (3) define the nutrient input and output balances of different fields. Agronomic survey was conducted in 117 farmer fields randomly distributed in a 10 km by 10 km block in Babati, northern Tanzania. A semi-structured questionnaire and production measurements were used to collect data which were analyzed with regression classification and mixed effect models. The exploitable maize yield gap at farm-level reaches up to 7.4 t ha−1, and only <5 % of fields achieve maize grain yield of 5 t ha−1. Slope, plant density, distance from homestead, crop variety, timing of planting and period since conversion significantly influenced maize yields. For example, fields on flat land had up to 1.6 t ha−1 more maize grain yield than those on steep slopes while fields with plant density >24,000 plants ha−1 had 900 kg ha−1 more yield than those with less density. At least 52 % of the fields had negative nutrient balances. We conclude that cropping systems used in Babati should be preferentially supplemented with mineral fertilizers while optimizing plant density, increasing manure application and appropriate varietal choice in order to reduce the yield gaps. 2015-05 2014-11-29T05:25:49Z 2014-11-29T05:25:49Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/51658 en Open Access Springer Kihara, Job; Tamene, Lulseged; Massawe, P.; Bekunda, M.. 2014. Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania. Nutrient Cycling in Agroecosystems 102(1): 5-16.
spellingShingle plant population
yield gap
crop yield
agricultural research
yields
maize
fertilizer application
inorganic fertilizers
población vegetal
rendimiento de cultivos
investigación agraria
rendimiento
maiz
aplicación de abonos
abonos inorgánicos
Kihara, Job Maguta
Tamene, Lulseged D.
Massawe, P.
Bekunda, Mateete A.
Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania
title Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania
title_full Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania
title_fullStr Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania
title_short Agronomic survey to assess crop yield, controlling factors and management implications: a case-study of Babati in northern Tanzania
title_sort agronomic survey to assess crop yield controlling factors and management implications a case study of babati in northern tanzania
topic plant population
yield gap
crop yield
agricultural research
yields
maize
fertilizer application
inorganic fertilizers
población vegetal
rendimiento de cultivos
investigación agraria
rendimiento
maiz
aplicación de abonos
abonos inorgánicos
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/51658
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AT massawep agronomicsurveytoassesscropyieldcontrollingfactorsandmanagementimplicationsacasestudyofbabatiinnortherntanzania
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