Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production

The milk and meat productivity of Ethiopia's 27 million cattle is still low for the human population of 53 million, which grows at 2.9 percent yr and is expected to surpass 65 million at the end of this century. The present cattle population includes 40 percent (10.8 million) cows of breeding age wi...

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Autores principales: Mukasa-Mugerwa, E., Tegegne, Azage
Formato: Conference Paper
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Institute of Agricultural Research 1993
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/51019
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author Mukasa-Mugerwa, E.
Tegegne, Azage
author_browse Mukasa-Mugerwa, E.
Tegegne, Azage
author_facet Mukasa-Mugerwa, E.
Tegegne, Azage
author_sort Mukasa-Mugerwa, E.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The milk and meat productivity of Ethiopia's 27 million cattle is still low for the human population of 53 million, which grows at 2.9 percent yr and is expected to surpass 65 million at the end of this century. The present cattle population includes 40 percent (10.8 million) cows of breeding age with an annual calving rate of around 45 percent. Thus, only 4.86 million calves are borne annually. Assuming the ideal calving rate of 65 percent to 70 percent, the expected output is 7.29 million calves. therefore, the potential for 2.43 million calves is lost prenatally each year through poor reproductive performance. With an average weaning weight for calves of 75 kg, the above figure equals 182 million kg live weight. To this must be added losses caused by morbidity and mortality among calves actually born. As the area of land per person is decreasing, productivity per unit animal and land area must be improved, which involves better calf survival rates, improved growth rates and greater cow reproduction rates. Meat and milk production in particular largely depend on good cow reproductive efficiency. This paper highlights results of studies undertaken on zebu cows in Ethiopia, identifying some of the constraints and their impact on production.
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spelling CGSpace510192023-02-15T09:30:13Z Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production Mukasa-Mugerwa, E. Tegegne, Azage zebu cattle cattle reproductive performance constraints age sexual maturity calving interval oestrus cycle heifers embryo transfer The milk and meat productivity of Ethiopia's 27 million cattle is still low for the human population of 53 million, which grows at 2.9 percent yr and is expected to surpass 65 million at the end of this century. The present cattle population includes 40 percent (10.8 million) cows of breeding age with an annual calving rate of around 45 percent. Thus, only 4.86 million calves are borne annually. Assuming the ideal calving rate of 65 percent to 70 percent, the expected output is 7.29 million calves. therefore, the potential for 2.43 million calves is lost prenatally each year through poor reproductive performance. With an average weaning weight for calves of 75 kg, the above figure equals 182 million kg live weight. To this must be added losses caused by morbidity and mortality among calves actually born. As the area of land per person is decreasing, productivity per unit animal and land area must be improved, which involves better calf survival rates, improved growth rates and greater cow reproduction rates. Meat and milk production in particular largely depend on good cow reproductive efficiency. This paper highlights results of studies undertaken on zebu cows in Ethiopia, identifying some of the constraints and their impact on production. 1993 2014-10-31T06:21:59Z 2014-10-31T06:21:59Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/51019 en Limited Access Institute of Agricultural Research
spellingShingle zebu cattle
cattle
reproductive performance
constraints
age
sexual maturity
calving interval
oestrus cycle
heifers
embryo transfer
Mukasa-Mugerwa, E.
Tegegne, Azage
Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production
title Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production
title_full Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production
title_fullStr Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production
title_full_unstemmed Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production
title_short Reproductive performance in Ethiopian Zebu (Bos indicus) cattle: Constraints and impact on production
title_sort reproductive performance in ethiopian zebu bos indicus cattle constraints and impact on production
topic zebu cattle
cattle
reproductive performance
constraints
age
sexual maturity
calving interval
oestrus cycle
heifers
embryo transfer
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/51019
work_keys_str_mv AT mukasamugerwae reproductiveperformanceinethiopianzebubosindicuscattleconstraintsandimpactonproduction
AT tegegneazage reproductiveperformanceinethiopianzebubosindicuscattleconstraintsandimpactonproduction