Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp
The Brachiaria germplasm collection maintained in CIAT, contains more than 700 accessions of 27 identified species. The process of regeneration and increase of germplasm is carried out in Popayán (2° 25 N; 76° 40 W) under field conditions. There is little available information about Brachiaria seed...
| Autores principales: | , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Español |
| Publicado: |
2000
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| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/44375 |
| _version_ | 1855515520545062912 |
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| author | García, S.X. Pineda López, Benjamín |
| author_browse | García, S.X. Pineda López, Benjamín |
| author_facet | García, S.X. Pineda López, Benjamín |
| author_sort | García, S.X. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | The Brachiaria germplasm collection maintained in CIAT, contains more than 700 accessions of 27 identified species. The process of regeneration and increase of germplasm is carried out in Popayán (2° 25 N; 76° 40 W) under field conditions. There is little available information about Brachiaria seed-borne fungal diseases, requiring phytopathological information to the reference, reason for the who was carried out the present study to establish the kind of fungi transmitted by seeds affecting the process of the increasing of the species Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria jubata. For this research seed samples of B. brizantha, B. decumbens and B. jubata. harvested in Popayán during 1998 and the first semester of 1999, and conserved in the dryer of cold air were selected. The samples were conditioned properly and carried out them analysis of seed health in the laboratory using a blotter test and agar plate methods, and identification of the fungi by means of microscopical analysis. The gotten outputs showed that the used accesions of the three species of Brachiaria were affected by the fungi as Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Curvularia spp., Chaetomium spp., Drechslera spp., Cladosporium spp., Epiccocum spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Phoma spp., and another unidentified fungi. The measured fungi incidence showed that Drechslera spp., and Phoma spp. were the high incidence fungi observed. In the B. brizantha species and B. decumbens met, in the analysis by means of humid camera, that the incidence of Drechslera spp. it was from the 11.25% and 9.14%, while for Phoma spp. it returned at 7.75% and 5.57%. In B. jubata the incidence of Phoma spp, it you was from the 8.1% and the of Drechslera spp. 1,3%. In the analysis by means of the agar plate method (PDA-Ac) for B. brizantha was determined that Dreschlera spp. and Phoma spp., showed an incidence of the 5,89% and 12.33%, of the 6.86% and 9.07% in B. decumbens and of the 0.3% and 5.6% for B. jubata, respectively. Pathogenicity test with Drechslera spp. and Phoma spp., which were the fungi with high incidence, caused severe symptoms in seedlings. The result of this study should be important for determining the risk of these fungi in the safe movement of Brachiaria germplasm. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace44375 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Español |
| publishDate | 2000 |
| publishDateRange | 2000 |
| publishDateSort | 2000 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace443752025-11-12T05:53:21Z Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp García, S.X. Pineda López, Benjamín feed crops brachiaria brizantha brachiaria decumbens fungal diseases phoma seed pathology seedborne organisms quarantine enfermedades fungosas patología de la semilla organismos transmitidos por semilla cuarentena The Brachiaria germplasm collection maintained in CIAT, contains more than 700 accessions of 27 identified species. The process of regeneration and increase of germplasm is carried out in Popayán (2° 25 N; 76° 40 W) under field conditions. There is little available information about Brachiaria seed-borne fungal diseases, requiring phytopathological information to the reference, reason for the who was carried out the present study to establish the kind of fungi transmitted by seeds affecting the process of the increasing of the species Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria jubata. For this research seed samples of B. brizantha, B. decumbens and B. jubata. harvested in Popayán during 1998 and the first semester of 1999, and conserved in the dryer of cold air were selected. The samples were conditioned properly and carried out them analysis of seed health in the laboratory using a blotter test and agar plate methods, and identification of the fungi by means of microscopical analysis. The gotten outputs showed that the used accesions of the three species of Brachiaria were affected by the fungi as Alternaria sp., Aspergillus sp., Curvularia spp., Chaetomium spp., Drechslera spp., Cladosporium spp., Epiccocum spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Phoma spp., and another unidentified fungi. The measured fungi incidence showed that Drechslera spp., and Phoma spp. were the high incidence fungi observed. In the B. brizantha species and B. decumbens met, in the analysis by means of humid camera, that the incidence of Drechslera spp. it was from the 11.25% and 9.14%, while for Phoma spp. it returned at 7.75% and 5.57%. In B. jubata the incidence of Phoma spp, it you was from the 8.1% and the of Drechslera spp. 1,3%. In the analysis by means of the agar plate method (PDA-Ac) for B. brizantha was determined that Dreschlera spp. and Phoma spp., showed an incidence of the 5,89% and 12.33%, of the 6.86% and 9.07% in B. decumbens and of the 0.3% and 5.6% for B. jubata, respectively. Pathogenicity test with Drechslera spp. and Phoma spp., which were the fungi with high incidence, caused severe symptoms in seedlings. The result of this study should be important for determining the risk of these fungi in the safe movement of Brachiaria germplasm. El germoplasma del género Brachiaria que se conserva en la Unidad de Recursos Genéticos en el CIAT y que comprende más de 700 accesiones de 27 especies es regenerado e incrementado en Popayán (20° 25 n; 76° 40 w), en donde se desconoce la microflora que suele afectar la producción de semilla, requiriéndose así información fitopatológica al respecto. El presente estudio se realizó para determinar cual o cuales hongos transmitidos por semillas se encontraban afectando el proceso de incremento de las especies Brachiaria brizantha, Brachiaria decumbens y Brachiaria jubata. Se seleccionaron para el efecto muestras de semillas de B. brizuntha, B. decumbens y B. jubata, cosechadas en Popayán durante 1998 y el primer semestre de 1999, y conservadas en el secador de aire frío. Las muestras se acondicionaron debidamente y se les realizaron en el laboratorio los análisis respectivos, utilizando los métodos de PDA-Ac, cámara húmeda ( Blotter test ) e identificación mediante observaciones al esterosco pío y/o microscopio óptico. Los resultados obtenidos mostraron que las accesiones de las tres especies del estudio se encontraban afectadas por hongos de los géneros AIternaria spp., Aspergillus spp., Curvularia spp., Chaetomium spp.. Drechslera Spp., Cladosporium spp., Epiccocum spp., Nigrospora spp., Penicillium spp., Phoma spp. y otros no identificados; determinándose que Drechslera spp. y Phoma spp. fueron los de mayor incidencia. Los análisis mediante cámara húmeda mostraron que en las especies B. brizantha y B. decumbens la incidencia de Drechslera spp. fue del 11,25% y 9,14%, mientras que para Phoma sp. correspondió al 7,75% y 5.57%. En B. jubata la incidencia de Phoma sp., fue del 8.1% y el de Drechslera spp 1,3%. En los análisis mediante el método siembra en medio de cultivo PDA-Ac para B. brizantha se determinó que Dreschslera spp. y Phoma spp. Presentaron incidencia del 5,89 % y 12,33%; del 6.86% y 9.07% en B. decumbens y del 0.3% y 5.6% para B. jubata, respectivamente. Las pruebas de patogenicidad con Drechslera spp. y Phoma spp., realizadas en plántulas y cariópsides de las accesiones de B. brizantha y B. decumbens y no en B. jubata por no obtención de plantas, mostraron que dichos hongos ocasionaron infecciones en plántulas y redujeron la germinación, afectando la calidad fitosanitaria de las semillas; revistiendo por lo tanto importancia cuarentenaria, especialmente para actividades relacionadas con la distribución del germoplasma. 2000 2014-10-02T08:33:40Z 2014-10-02T08:33:40Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/44375 es Open Access application/pdf García D., S.X., B. Pineda L. 2000. Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp. Fitopatología Colombiana 24 (2): 39-46. |
| spellingShingle | feed crops brachiaria brizantha brachiaria decumbens fungal diseases phoma seed pathology seedborne organisms quarantine enfermedades fungosas patología de la semilla organismos transmitidos por semilla cuarentena García, S.X. Pineda López, Benjamín Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp |
| title | Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp |
| title_full | Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp |
| title_fullStr | Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp |
| title_full_unstemmed | Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp |
| title_short | Reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de Brachiaria spp |
| title_sort | reconocimiento de enfermedades fungosas transmitidas por semilla en germoplasma de brachiaria spp |
| topic | feed crops brachiaria brizantha brachiaria decumbens fungal diseases phoma seed pathology seedborne organisms quarantine enfermedades fungosas patología de la semilla organismos transmitidos por semilla cuarentena |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/44375 |
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