The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda

Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a tropical crop that is grown in Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Cassava was introduced from Latin America into West and East Africa at two independent events. In Uganda a serious threat to cassava's survival is the cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Uganda has ha...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa, Bua, A., Fregene, Martin A., Egwang, T.G., Gullberg, U.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2005
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/44161
_version_ 1855527211712380928
author Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa
Bua, A.
Fregene, Martin A.
Egwang, T.G.
Gullberg, U.
author_browse Bua, A.
Egwang, T.G.
Fregene, Martin A.
Gullberg, U.
Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa
author_facet Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa
Bua, A.
Fregene, Martin A.
Egwang, T.G.
Gullberg, U.
author_sort Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a tropical crop that is grown in Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Cassava was introduced from Latin America into West and East Africa at two independent events. In Uganda a serious threat to cassava's survival is the cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Uganda has had two notable CMD epidemics since the introduction of cassava in the 1850s causing severe losses. SSR markers were used to study the effect of CMD on the genetic diversity in five agroecologies in Uganda with high and low incidence of CMD. Surprisingly, high gene diversity was detected. Most of the diversity was found within populations, while the diversity was very small among agroecological zones and the high and low CMD incidence areas. The high genetic diversity suggests a mechanism by which diversity is maintained by the active involvement of the Ugandan farmer in continuously testing and adopting new genotypes that will serve their diverse needs. However, in spite of the high genetic diversity we found a loss of rare alleles in areas with high CMD incidence. To study the effect of the introgression history on the gene pool the genetic differentiation between East and West Africa was also studied. Genetic similarities were found between the varieties in Uganda and Tanzania in East Africa and Ghana in West Africa. Thus, there is no evidence for a differentiation of the cassava gene pool into a western and an eastern genetic lineage. However, a possible difference in the genetic constitution of the introduced cassava into East and West Africa may have been diminished by germplasm movement.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace44161
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2005
publishDateRange 2005
publishDateSort 2005
publisher Springer
publisherStr Springer
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace441612024-05-01T08:17:42Z The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa Bua, A. Fregene, Martin A. Egwang, T.G. Gullberg, U. manihot esculenta genetic variation african cassava mosaic virus genetic markers variación genética virus del mosaico de la yuca marcadores genéticos Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is a tropical crop that is grown in Africa, Latin America and Southeast Asia. Cassava was introduced from Latin America into West and East Africa at two independent events. In Uganda a serious threat to cassava's survival is the cassava mosaic disease (CMD). Uganda has had two notable CMD epidemics since the introduction of cassava in the 1850s causing severe losses. SSR markers were used to study the effect of CMD on the genetic diversity in five agroecologies in Uganda with high and low incidence of CMD. Surprisingly, high gene diversity was detected. Most of the diversity was found within populations, while the diversity was very small among agroecological zones and the high and low CMD incidence areas. The high genetic diversity suggests a mechanism by which diversity is maintained by the active involvement of the Ugandan farmer in continuously testing and adopting new genotypes that will serve their diverse needs. However, in spite of the high genetic diversity we found a loss of rare alleles in areas with high CMD incidence. To study the effect of the introgression history on the gene pool the genetic differentiation between East and West Africa was also studied. Genetic similarities were found between the varieties in Uganda and Tanzania in East Africa and Ghana in West Africa. Thus, there is no evidence for a differentiation of the cassava gene pool into a western and an eastern genetic lineage. However, a possible difference in the genetic constitution of the introduced cassava into East and West Africa may have been diminished by germplasm movement. 2005-11 2014-10-02T08:33:21Z 2014-10-02T08:33:21Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/44161 en Limited Access Springer
spellingShingle manihot esculenta
genetic variation
african cassava mosaic virus
genetic markers
variación genética
virus del mosaico de la yuca
marcadores genéticos
Kizito, Elizabeth Balyejusa
Bua, A.
Fregene, Martin A.
Egwang, T.G.
Gullberg, U.
The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda
title The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda
title_full The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda
title_fullStr The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda
title_short The effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in Uganda
title_sort effect of cassava mosaic disease on the genetic diversity of cassava in uganda
topic manihot esculenta
genetic variation
african cassava mosaic virus
genetic markers
variación genética
virus del mosaico de la yuca
marcadores genéticos
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/44161
work_keys_str_mv AT kizitoelizabethbalyejusa theeffectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT buaa theeffectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT fregenemartina theeffectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT egwangtg theeffectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT gullbergu theeffectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT kizitoelizabethbalyejusa effectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT buaa effectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT fregenemartina effectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT egwangtg effectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda
AT gullbergu effectofcassavamosaicdiseaseonthegeneticdiversityofcassavainuganda