Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities

In regions where climate change is expected to be extensive and rapid, many tree species are predicted to experience severe stress in their native ranges. Survival will then depend on the capacity to undertake at least one of the following: (1) quickly adapt genetically to new conditions at existing...

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Autores principales: Loo J, Fady, B., Dawson, I., Vinceti, B., Baldinelli, G.
Formato: Conference Paper
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/41991
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author Loo J
Fady, B.
Dawson, I.
Vinceti, B.
Baldinelli, G.
author_browse Baldinelli, G.
Dawson, I.
Fady, B.
Loo J
Vinceti, B.
author_facet Loo J
Fady, B.
Dawson, I.
Vinceti, B.
Baldinelli, G.
author_sort Loo J
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description In regions where climate change is expected to be extensive and rapid, many tree species are predicted to experience severe stress in their native ranges. Survival will then depend on the capacity to undertake at least one of the following: (1) quickly adapt genetically to new conditions at existing sites; (2) survive changing conditions through a high degree of phenotypic plasticity without genetic change; and/or (3) migrate rapidly to newly evolving environments that match basic physiological requirements. This paper considers forest genetic resources in the different settings where people depend on products and services from trees for a wide variety of purposes, including naturally regenerating forests, commercial plantations, and trees on farms (including planted trees and wild remnants left standing for various functions). The expected impacts of climate change and hence strategies for responding to it differ among these environments. Assisted migration and artificial selection for appropriate traits are approaches that can be applied to planted trees, whether in commercial plantations or farms, but are less appropriate for natural forests. However, management actions are confronted with serious challenges, including national and international policies that limit the movement of genetic resources among countries, and long regeneration cycles that make tree breeding time-consuming and costly. Adapting to climate change poses a greater problem for naturally regenerating populations where the potential for natural migration is hindered by forest fragmentation and agricultural expansion, and when confounding factors for adaption include pests and diseases, reduced population sizes, and simplified forest structures and species compositions. Lack of information on the following hinders our ability to manage climate change impacts better: (1) little is known about the sequences and functions of the genes conferring adaptation; (2) the genetic and epigenetic basis of phenotypic plasticity and its role in producing responses to environmental alterations is unclear; (3) the basic life-history characteristics, ecological determinants and geographic distributions of many trees are not well studied; and (4) meaningful syntheses of such information into predictive models of change and response are poorly developed.
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spelling CGSpace419912022-02-18T12:42:28Z Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities Loo J Fady, B. Dawson, I. Vinceti, B. Baldinelli, G. agriculture climate genetic resources forests In regions where climate change is expected to be extensive and rapid, many tree species are predicted to experience severe stress in their native ranges. Survival will then depend on the capacity to undertake at least one of the following: (1) quickly adapt genetically to new conditions at existing sites; (2) survive changing conditions through a high degree of phenotypic plasticity without genetic change; and/or (3) migrate rapidly to newly evolving environments that match basic physiological requirements. This paper considers forest genetic resources in the different settings where people depend on products and services from trees for a wide variety of purposes, including naturally regenerating forests, commercial plantations, and trees on farms (including planted trees and wild remnants left standing for various functions). The expected impacts of climate change and hence strategies for responding to it differ among these environments. Assisted migration and artificial selection for appropriate traits are approaches that can be applied to planted trees, whether in commercial plantations or farms, but are less appropriate for natural forests. However, management actions are confronted with serious challenges, including national and international policies that limit the movement of genetic resources among countries, and long regeneration cycles that make tree breeding time-consuming and costly. Adapting to climate change poses a greater problem for naturally regenerating populations where the potential for natural migration is hindered by forest fragmentation and agricultural expansion, and when confounding factors for adaption include pests and diseases, reduced population sizes, and simplified forest structures and species compositions. Lack of information on the following hinders our ability to manage climate change impacts better: (1) little is known about the sequences and functions of the genes conferring adaptation; (2) the genetic and epigenetic basis of phenotypic plasticity and its role in producing responses to environmental alterations is unclear; (3) the basic life-history characteristics, ecological determinants and geographic distributions of many trees are not well studied; and (4) meaningful syntheses of such information into predictive models of change and response are poorly developed. 2011-07 2014-08-15T12:13:15Z 2014-08-15T12:13:15Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/41991 en Open Access Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Loo J, Fady B, Dawson I, Vincetil B, Baldinelli G. 2011. Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities. Prepared for the Thirteenth Regular Session of the Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, 18-22 July 2011, FAO Headquarters, Rome. Background study paper no. 56. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
spellingShingle agriculture
climate
genetic resources
forests
Loo J
Fady, B.
Dawson, I.
Vinceti, B.
Baldinelli, G.
Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities
title Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities
title_full Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities
title_fullStr Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities
title_full_unstemmed Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities
title_short Climate change and forest genetic resources - state of knowledge, risks, and opportunities
title_sort climate change and forest genetic resources state of knowledge risks and opportunities
topic agriculture
climate
genetic resources
forests
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/41991
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AT fadyb climatechangeandforestgeneticresourcesstateofknowledgerisksandopportunities
AT dawsoni climatechangeandforestgeneticresourcesstateofknowledgerisksandopportunities
AT vincetib climatechangeandforestgeneticresourcesstateofknowledgerisksandopportunities
AT baldinellig climatechangeandforestgeneticresourcesstateofknowledgerisksandopportunities