Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity
Because of a growing and more affluent population, demand for agricultural products will increase rapidly over the coming decades, with serious implications for agricultural water demand. Symptoms of water scarcity are increasingly apparent, threatening ecosystem services and the sustainability of f...
| Autores principales: | , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
2008
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40757 |
| _version_ | 1855517658469892096 |
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| author | Nangia, Vinay Fraiture, Charlotte de Turral, Hugh |
| author_browse | Fraiture, Charlotte de Nangia, Vinay Turral, Hugh |
| author_facet | Nangia, Vinay Fraiture, Charlotte de Turral, Hugh |
| author_sort | Nangia, Vinay |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Because of a growing and more affluent population, demand for agricultural products will increase rapidly over the coming decades, with serious implications for agricultural water demand. Symptoms of water scarcity are increasingly apparent, threatening ecosystem services and the sustainability of food production. Improved water productivity will reduce the additional water requirements in agriculture. However, there is a tradeoff between the quantity of water used in agriculture and the quality of return flow. Where yields are low due to limited nitrogen (N) and water supply, water productivity can be enhanced through higher fertilizer applications and improved water management. This limits the amount of additional water needed for increased food demand, thus leaving more water for environmental requirements. But it also increases the amount of nitrate (NO3-N) leaching, thus adversely affecting the water quality of return flows. This paper quantifies the tradeoff between enhanced water productivity and NO3-N leaching and shows the importance of the right management of water and N applications. Using the Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) crop model, several scenarios combining different water and N application regimes are examined for maize (Zea mays L.) in Gainesville, FL, USA. Without adequate water, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remains low, resulting in substantial NO3-N leaching. Too much water leads to excessive NO3-N leaching and lower water productivity. The lack of N is a cause of low water productivity but too much of it leads to lower NUE and higher losses. The paper concludes that increased NO3-N leaching is an inevitable by-product of increased water productivity, but its adverse impacts can greatly be reduced by better management of water and N application. The paper briefly shows that leaching can be reduced and water productivity increased by split application of N-fertilizer. This implies that improved water and nutrient management at field- and scheme-level is a prerequisite to limit adverse impacts of agriculture on ecosystems, now and especially in the future. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace40757 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2008 |
| publishDateRange | 2008 |
| publishDateSort | 2008 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace407572023-02-15T12:12:34Z Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity Nangia, Vinay Fraiture, Charlotte de Turral, Hugh irrigated farming crop production water requirements water management water quality productivity nitrogen simulation models decision support systems soil water water balance fertilizers Because of a growing and more affluent population, demand for agricultural products will increase rapidly over the coming decades, with serious implications for agricultural water demand. Symptoms of water scarcity are increasingly apparent, threatening ecosystem services and the sustainability of food production. Improved water productivity will reduce the additional water requirements in agriculture. However, there is a tradeoff between the quantity of water used in agriculture and the quality of return flow. Where yields are low due to limited nitrogen (N) and water supply, water productivity can be enhanced through higher fertilizer applications and improved water management. This limits the amount of additional water needed for increased food demand, thus leaving more water for environmental requirements. But it also increases the amount of nitrate (NO3-N) leaching, thus adversely affecting the water quality of return flows. This paper quantifies the tradeoff between enhanced water productivity and NO3-N leaching and shows the importance of the right management of water and N applications. Using the Decision Support System for Agro-technology Transfer (DSSAT) crop model, several scenarios combining different water and N application regimes are examined for maize (Zea mays L.) in Gainesville, FL, USA. Without adequate water, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) remains low, resulting in substantial NO3-N leaching. Too much water leads to excessive NO3-N leaching and lower water productivity. The lack of N is a cause of low water productivity but too much of it leads to lower NUE and higher losses. The paper concludes that increased NO3-N leaching is an inevitable by-product of increased water productivity, but its adverse impacts can greatly be reduced by better management of water and N application. The paper briefly shows that leaching can be reduced and water productivity increased by split application of N-fertilizer. This implies that improved water and nutrient management at field- and scheme-level is a prerequisite to limit adverse impacts of agriculture on ecosystems, now and especially in the future. 2008 2014-06-13T14:48:22Z 2014-06-13T14:48:22Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40757 en Limited Access Nangia, Vinay; de Fraiture, Charlotte; Turral, Hugh. 2008. Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity. Agricultural Water Management, 95(7):825-835. |
| spellingShingle | irrigated farming crop production water requirements water management water quality productivity nitrogen simulation models decision support systems soil water water balance fertilizers Nangia, Vinay Fraiture, Charlotte de Turral, Hugh Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| title | Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| title_full | Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| title_fullStr | Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| title_short | Water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| title_sort | water quality implications of raising crop water productivity |
| topic | irrigated farming crop production water requirements water management water quality productivity nitrogen simulation models decision support systems soil water water balance fertilizers |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40757 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nangiavinay waterqualityimplicationsofraisingcropwaterproductivity AT fraiturecharlottede waterqualityimplicationsofraisingcropwaterproductivity AT turralhugh waterqualityimplicationsofraisingcropwaterproductivity |