Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India

Improvements in water productivity (WP) are often suggested as one of the alternative strategies for overcoming growing water scarcity in India. This paper explores the potential improvements in WP of food grains at district level, which currently varies between 0.11 and 1.01 kilogram per cubic metr...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Amarasinghe, Upali A., Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh, Sharma, Bharat R.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2010
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40482
_version_ 1855522151953596416
author Amarasinghe, Upali A.
Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh
Sharma, Bharat R.
author_browse Amarasinghe, Upali A.
Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh
Sharma, Bharat R.
author_facet Amarasinghe, Upali A.
Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh
Sharma, Bharat R.
author_sort Amarasinghe, Upali A.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Improvements in water productivity (WP) are often suggested as one of the alternative strategies for overcoming growing water scarcity in India. This paper explores the potential improvements in WP of food grains at district level, which currently varies between 0.11 and 1.01 kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m3), in the 403 districts that account for 98% of the total production of food grains. The paper first finds the maximum yield function conditional on consumptive water use (CWU) and then explores the potential improvements in WP by: (a) bridging the gap between actual and maximum yield while keeping CWU constant; and (b) changing the maximum yield by adjusting the CWU using supplementary or deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation in some areas may decrease yield but can increase production if land availability is not a constraint. A large potential exists for bridging the yield gap in irrigated areas with CWU between 300 and 475 mm. Of the 222 districts that fall under this category, a 50% reduction in yield gap alone could increase production by 100 million tonnes (Mt) without increasing CWU. Supplementary irrigation can increase yield and WP in rain-fed and irrigated areas of 266 and 16 districts with CWU is below 300 mm. Deficit irrigation in irrigated areas of 185 districts with CWU above 475 mm could increase yield, WP and production. Decreasing CWU in irrigated areas with CWU between 425 and 475 mm reduces yield slightly, but if availability of land is not a constraint then the benefits due to water saving and production increases could exceed the cost.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace40482
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2010
publishDateRange 2010
publishDateSort 2010
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace404822025-03-11T09:50:20Z Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India Amarasinghe, Upali A. Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh Sharma, Bharat R. water scarcity water productivity water deficit rainfed farming supplemental irrigation yield gap Improvements in water productivity (WP) are often suggested as one of the alternative strategies for overcoming growing water scarcity in India. This paper explores the potential improvements in WP of food grains at district level, which currently varies between 0.11 and 1.01 kilogram per cubic metre (kg/m3), in the 403 districts that account for 98% of the total production of food grains. The paper first finds the maximum yield function conditional on consumptive water use (CWU) and then explores the potential improvements in WP by: (a) bridging the gap between actual and maximum yield while keeping CWU constant; and (b) changing the maximum yield by adjusting the CWU using supplementary or deficit irrigation. Deficit irrigation in some areas may decrease yield but can increase production if land availability is not a constraint. A large potential exists for bridging the yield gap in irrigated areas with CWU between 300 and 475 mm. Of the 222 districts that fall under this category, a 50% reduction in yield gap alone could increase production by 100 million tonnes (Mt) without increasing CWU. Supplementary irrigation can increase yield and WP in rain-fed and irrigated areas of 266 and 16 districts with CWU is below 300 mm. Deficit irrigation in irrigated areas of 185 districts with CWU above 475 mm could increase yield, WP and production. Decreasing CWU in irrigated areas with CWU between 425 and 475 mm reduces yield slightly, but if availability of land is not a constraint then the benefits due to water saving and production increases could exceed the cost. 2010 2014-06-13T14:47:46Z 2014-06-13T14:47:46Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40482 en Limited Access Amarasinghe, Upali; Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh; Sharma, Bharat R. 2010. Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India. Natural Resources Forum, 34:188-199.
spellingShingle water scarcity
water productivity
water deficit
rainfed farming
supplemental irrigation
yield gap
Amarasinghe, Upali A.
Malik, Ravinder Paul Singh
Sharma, Bharat R.
Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India
title Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India
title_full Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India
title_fullStr Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India
title_full_unstemmed Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India
title_short Overcoming growing water scarcity: exploring potential improvements in water productivity in India
title_sort overcoming growing water scarcity exploring potential improvements in water productivity in india
topic water scarcity
water productivity
water deficit
rainfed farming
supplemental irrigation
yield gap
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/40482
work_keys_str_mv AT amarasingheupalia overcominggrowingwaterscarcityexploringpotentialimprovementsinwaterproductivityinindia
AT malikravinderpaulsingh overcominggrowingwaterscarcityexploringpotentialimprovementsinwaterproductivityinindia
AT sharmabharatr overcominggrowingwaterscarcityexploringpotentialimprovementsinwaterproductivityinindia