Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin

Land degradation is a serious threat in the Gumera watershed which is reflected in the form of soil erosion. Erosion is a major watershed problem causing significant loss of soil fertility and productivity. Increased sediment loads that shorten the useful life of the reservoir, the lives of other wa...

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Autores principales: Tenaw, M., Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Formato: Conference Paper
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2009
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/38174
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author Tenaw, M.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
author_browse Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Tenaw, M.
author_facet Tenaw, M.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
author_sort Tenaw, M.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Land degradation is a serious threat in the Gumera watershed which is reflected in the form of soil erosion. Erosion is a major watershed problem causing significant loss of soil fertility and productivity. Increased sediment loads that shorten the useful life of the reservoir, the lives of other water-related structures, and increase the cost of maintenance and sediment remediation are off-site impacts of erosion. To develop effective erosion control plans and to achieve reductions in sedimentation, it is important to quantify the sediment yield and identify areas that are vulnerable to erosion. In recent decades, several simulation models have been developed in order to estimate, quantify, enhance understanding of spatial and temporal variability of erosion, and identify areas which are high contributors of sediment at micro-watershed level and over large areas. We used SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to predict sediment yield, runoff, identify spatial distribution of sediment, and to test the potential of watershed management interventions in reducing sediment load from ?hot spot? areas. The tool was calibrated and validated against measured flow and sediment data. Both, calibration and validation results, showed a good match between measured and simulated flow and suspended sediment. The model prediction results indicated that about 72% of the Gumera watershed is erosion potential area with an average annual sediment load ranging from 11 to /ha/yr 22 tons exceeding tolerable soil loss rates in the study area. The model was applied to evaluate the potential of filter strips with various widths to reduce sediment production from critical micro-watersheds. The investigation revealed that implementing vegetation filter strips can reduce sediment yield by 58 to 74%.
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spelling CGSpace381742025-11-07T08:37:51Z Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin Tenaw, M. Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele watersheds assessment erosion runoff sedimentation models case studies Land degradation is a serious threat in the Gumera watershed which is reflected in the form of soil erosion. Erosion is a major watershed problem causing significant loss of soil fertility and productivity. Increased sediment loads that shorten the useful life of the reservoir, the lives of other water-related structures, and increase the cost of maintenance and sediment remediation are off-site impacts of erosion. To develop effective erosion control plans and to achieve reductions in sedimentation, it is important to quantify the sediment yield and identify areas that are vulnerable to erosion. In recent decades, several simulation models have been developed in order to estimate, quantify, enhance understanding of spatial and temporal variability of erosion, and identify areas which are high contributors of sediment at micro-watershed level and over large areas. We used SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) to predict sediment yield, runoff, identify spatial distribution of sediment, and to test the potential of watershed management interventions in reducing sediment load from ?hot spot? areas. The tool was calibrated and validated against measured flow and sediment data. Both, calibration and validation results, showed a good match between measured and simulated flow and suspended sediment. The model prediction results indicated that about 72% of the Gumera watershed is erosion potential area with an average annual sediment load ranging from 11 to /ha/yr 22 tons exceeding tolerable soil loss rates in the study area. The model was applied to evaluate the potential of filter strips with various widths to reduce sediment production from critical micro-watersheds. The investigation revealed that implementing vegetation filter strips can reduce sediment yield by 58 to 74%. 2009 2014-06-13T11:40:52Z 2014-06-13T11:40:52Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/38174 en Open Access application/pdf Tenaw, M.; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele. 2009. Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin. In Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Erkossa, Teklu; Smakhtin, Vladimir; Fernando, Ashra (Comps.). Improved water and land management in the Ethiopian highlands: its impact on downstream stakeholders dependent on the Blue Nile. Intermediate Results Dissemination Workshop held at the International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 5-6 February 2009. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). pp.100-111.
spellingShingle watersheds
assessment
erosion
runoff
sedimentation
models
case studies
Tenaw, M.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin
title Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin
title_full Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin
title_fullStr Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin
title_full_unstemmed Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin
title_short Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT)-based runoff and sediment yield modeling: a case of the Gumera Watershed in Lake Tana Sub Basin
title_sort soil and water assessment tool swat based runoff and sediment yield modeling a case of the gumera watershed in lake tana sub basin
topic watersheds
assessment
erosion
runoff
sedimentation
models
case studies
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/38174
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