Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages

The Blue Nile Basin (Abay in Ethiopia) covers wide range landscapes and climatic zones in Ethiopia and Sudan. Different agricultural production systems, in the basin, evolved in response to those diverse landscapes and climatic zones, and the attendant human decision dynamics that responds to changi...

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Main Authors: Haileslassie, Amare, Hagos, Fitsum, Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele, Peden, Donald G., Gebreselassie, S., Negash, F.
Format: Conference Paper
Language:Inglés
Published: 2008
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/38112
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author Haileslassie, Amare
Hagos, Fitsum
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Peden, Donald G.
Gebreselassie, S.
Negash, F.
author_browse Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Gebreselassie, S.
Hagos, Fitsum
Haileslassie, Amare
Negash, F.
Peden, Donald G.
author_facet Haileslassie, Amare
Hagos, Fitsum
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Peden, Donald G.
Gebreselassie, S.
Negash, F.
author_sort Haileslassie, Amare
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The Blue Nile Basin (Abay in Ethiopia) covers wide range landscapes and climatic zones in Ethiopia and Sudan. Different agricultural production systems, in the basin, evolved in response to those diverse landscapes and climatic zones, and the attendant human decision dynamics that responds to changing livelihood opportunities. Many production systems studies recognized only mixed agriculture in the highlands and pastoralism in the lowland areas. Now it is widely recognized that several other factors such as land-use, vegetation cover, and different land and water management practices are important in defining production systems. These study approaches help to capture the diverse water and land related livelihoods of the farming communities in upstream and downstream parts of the basin and their impact on their respective environments. In this review, we follow a similar approach but focus at the basin scale to define and characterize major production systems and associated subsystems specifically: small grain cereals-based mixed crop-livestock and maize-sorghum-perennials systems and their associated subsystems. We then focus on water management practices in rainfed and irrigated systems. We also synthesized impacts of those production systems on the environment and upstream-downstream linkage using erosion, sedimentation, livestock and crop water productivity, soil nutrient balances as indicators. Evidences suggest that natural ecosystem services (e.g. regulation services such as nutrient recycling and redistribution) are severely threatened in the Blue Nile basin. On-site and off-site effects of pedogenic processes like sediment removal, transportation, redistribution and attendant environmental impacts (e.g. nutrient balances and water productivity) are highly correlated with dominant farming practices and attendant anthropogenic interventions. Indicators such as water productivity and soil nutrient depletion and farmers? activities to replenish the lost nutrients are also strongly related to the degree of the farmers? resource endowments. In view of initiating the upstream community to invest more on land and water management, options for payment for environmental services (PES) must be sought and, interventions that enhance sustainable ecosystem management must use integrated approaches and farming system/subsystems as entry point.
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spelling CGSpace381122025-11-07T08:38:16Z Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages Haileslassie, Amare Hagos, Fitsum Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele Peden, Donald G. Gebreselassie, S. Negash, F. river basins environmental degradation erosion sedimentation water productivity farming systems cropping systems double cropping cereals maize sorghum barley wheat livestock pastoralism farmers attitudes economic aspects The Blue Nile Basin (Abay in Ethiopia) covers wide range landscapes and climatic zones in Ethiopia and Sudan. Different agricultural production systems, in the basin, evolved in response to those diverse landscapes and climatic zones, and the attendant human decision dynamics that responds to changing livelihood opportunities. Many production systems studies recognized only mixed agriculture in the highlands and pastoralism in the lowland areas. Now it is widely recognized that several other factors such as land-use, vegetation cover, and different land and water management practices are important in defining production systems. These study approaches help to capture the diverse water and land related livelihoods of the farming communities in upstream and downstream parts of the basin and their impact on their respective environments. In this review, we follow a similar approach but focus at the basin scale to define and characterize major production systems and associated subsystems specifically: small grain cereals-based mixed crop-livestock and maize-sorghum-perennials systems and their associated subsystems. We then focus on water management practices in rainfed and irrigated systems. We also synthesized impacts of those production systems on the environment and upstream-downstream linkage using erosion, sedimentation, livestock and crop water productivity, soil nutrient balances as indicators. Evidences suggest that natural ecosystem services (e.g. regulation services such as nutrient recycling and redistribution) are severely threatened in the Blue Nile basin. On-site and off-site effects of pedogenic processes like sediment removal, transportation, redistribution and attendant environmental impacts (e.g. nutrient balances and water productivity) are highly correlated with dominant farming practices and attendant anthropogenic interventions. Indicators such as water productivity and soil nutrient depletion and farmers? activities to replenish the lost nutrients are also strongly related to the degree of the farmers? resource endowments. In view of initiating the upstream community to invest more on land and water management, options for payment for environmental services (PES) must be sought and, interventions that enhance sustainable ecosystem management must use integrated approaches and farming system/subsystems as entry point. 2008 2014-06-13T11:40:45Z 2014-06-13T11:40:45Z Conference Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/38112 en Open Access application/pdf Haileslassie, A.; Hagos, Fitsum; Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele; Peden, D.; Gebreselassie, S.; Negash, F. 2008. Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages. Paper presented at the Ethiopia National Nile Development Forum, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 20-21 March 2008. 37p.
spellingShingle river basins
environmental degradation
erosion
sedimentation
water productivity
farming systems
cropping systems
double cropping
cereals
maize
sorghum
barley
wheat
livestock
pastoralism
farmers attitudes
economic aspects
Haileslassie, Amare
Hagos, Fitsum
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Peden, Donald G.
Gebreselassie, S.
Negash, F.
Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
title Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
title_full Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
title_fullStr Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
title_full_unstemmed Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
title_short Production systems in the Blue Nile Basin: implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
title_sort production systems in the blue nile basin implications for environmental degradation and upstream and downstream linkages
topic river basins
environmental degradation
erosion
sedimentation
water productivity
farming systems
cropping systems
double cropping
cereals
maize
sorghum
barley
wheat
livestock
pastoralism
farmers attitudes
economic aspects
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/38112
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