Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia

Domestic poultry are important natural hosts of Mycobacterium avium (MAC), especially in the traditional poultry management system in the tropics. Qualitative and quantitative studies on a total of 95 chickens from three agro-climatic areas in Ethiopia were examined for avian mycobacteriosis through...

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Main Authors: Tadesse, S., Woldemeskel, M., Molla, B., Tibbo, Markos, Kidane, D., Medhin, G., Britton, S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: 2003
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/32987
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author Tadesse, S.
Woldemeskel, M.
Molla, B.
Tibbo, Markos
Kidane, D.
Medhin, G.
Britton, S.
author_browse Britton, S.
Kidane, D.
Medhin, G.
Molla, B.
Tadesse, S.
Tibbo, Markos
Woldemeskel, M.
author_facet Tadesse, S.
Woldemeskel, M.
Molla, B.
Tibbo, Markos
Kidane, D.
Medhin, G.
Britton, S.
author_sort Tadesse, S.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Domestic poultry are important natural hosts of Mycobacterium avium (MAC), especially in the traditional poultry management system in the tropics. Qualitative and quantitative studies on a total of 95 chickens from three agro-climatic areas in Ethiopia were examined for avian mycobacteriosis through postmortem examinations and tissue staining (haematoxylin & eosin and acid-fast staining). The mycobacteria species were isolated and identified by using mycobacteriologic culture and experimental infection for virulence assessment. Five of the 95 examined chickens (5.3%) had gross tuberculous lesions in different visceral organs. On histopathologic examination, the lesions showed granuloma with typical Langhan’s giant cells in which acid-fast bacilli were shown by acid-fast stain. The culture on pyruvate-enriched Lowenstein-Jensen slants revealed growth of colonies on samples from 6 (6.3%) of the 95 chickens. Experimental infection with the strains from culture resulted in death of 10 (83.3%) of 12 inoculated chickens 56 to 110 days after inoculation, indicating that the isolates may be virulent strains of MAC. On postmortem examination, the experimentally infected chickens showed similar tuberculous lesions to natural infection that was confined at the site of injection, on the liver, spleen and (in two subjects) small intestine. The inoculated organisms were recovered from the respective organs. Therefore, this study showed that a virulent strain of MAC infects domestic chicken in Ethiopia.
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spelling CGSpace329872023-02-15T09:53:53Z Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia Tadesse, S. Woldemeskel, M. Molla, B. Tibbo, Markos Kidane, D. Medhin, G. Britton, S. postmortem examination histopathology isolation experimental infection chickens (galliformes) mycobacterium avium agroclimatic zones Domestic poultry are important natural hosts of Mycobacterium avium (MAC), especially in the traditional poultry management system in the tropics. Qualitative and quantitative studies on a total of 95 chickens from three agro-climatic areas in Ethiopia were examined for avian mycobacteriosis through postmortem examinations and tissue staining (haematoxylin & eosin and acid-fast staining). The mycobacteria species were isolated and identified by using mycobacteriologic culture and experimental infection for virulence assessment. Five of the 95 examined chickens (5.3%) had gross tuberculous lesions in different visceral organs. On histopathologic examination, the lesions showed granuloma with typical Langhan’s giant cells in which acid-fast bacilli were shown by acid-fast stain. The culture on pyruvate-enriched Lowenstein-Jensen slants revealed growth of colonies on samples from 6 (6.3%) of the 95 chickens. Experimental infection with the strains from culture resulted in death of 10 (83.3%) of 12 inoculated chickens 56 to 110 days after inoculation, indicating that the isolates may be virulent strains of MAC. On postmortem examination, the experimentally infected chickens showed similar tuberculous lesions to natural infection that was confined at the site of injection, on the liver, spleen and (in two subjects) small intestine. The inoculated organisms were recovered from the respective organs. Therefore, this study showed that a virulent strain of MAC infects domestic chicken in Ethiopia. 2003 2013-07-03T05:25:53Z 2013-07-03T05:25:53Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/32987 en Open Access Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medicine;2(1): 17-25
spellingShingle postmortem examination
histopathology
isolation
experimental infection
chickens (galliformes)
mycobacterium avium
agroclimatic zones
Tadesse, S.
Woldemeskel, M.
Molla, B.
Tibbo, Markos
Kidane, D.
Medhin, G.
Britton, S.
Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia
title Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia
title_full Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia
title_fullStr Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia
title_full_unstemmed Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia
title_short Avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro-climatic regions in Ethiopia
title_sort avian mycobacteriosis in domestic chickens from selected agro climatic regions in ethiopia
topic postmortem examination
histopathology
isolation
experimental infection
chickens (galliformes)
mycobacterium avium
agroclimatic zones
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/32987
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