Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands

In the East African highlands, crop yields tend to increase with proximity of the farm plots to homesteads. Farmers identified soil erosion as the most detrimental cause of low crop yield in the outfields followed by soil compaction due to livestock trampling. The main objective of this study was to...

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Autores principales: Amede, Tilahun, Menza, M., Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2011
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/3055
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author Amede, Tilahun
Menza, M.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
author_browse Amede, Tilahun
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Menza, M.
author_facet Amede, Tilahun
Menza, M.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
author_sort Amede, Tilahun
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description In the East African highlands, crop yields tend to increase with proximity of the farm plots to homesteads. Farmers identified soil erosion as the most detrimental cause of low crop yield in the outfields followed by soil compaction due to livestock trampling. The main objective of this study was to determine whether zai pits (i.e. small water harvesting pits) developed for dryland regions of the Sahel could increase crop yield and water productivity of degraded outfields in high rainfall areas, where mean annual rainfall exceeds 1300mmbut soil water infiltration is reduced by slope, low soil organic matter and hardpans. The pits were enlarged to resist strong runoff flows. The research was conducted over three years from 2004 to 2006. Potatoes and beans were used as test crops. Overall, compared to control plots, the zai pits, in combination with nitrogen (N) inputs, increased potato yields from 500% to 2000% ( p ≤ 0.001). The pits contributed more to increased crop yield than N inputs. Similarly, bean yields from the zai pits were up to 250% higher. Crop water productivity was 300–700% higher with zai pits than with control plots. The income of farmers who used zai pits was up to 20-fold higher than the labour costs required to prepare them. Contrary to conventional wisdom, this study reveals that the major constraint of the outfields is not nutrient deficiency per se rather low soil water holding capacity, which hinders crop growth and efficient utilization of available nutrients.
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spelling CGSpace30552024-11-15T08:53:11Z Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands Amede, Tilahun Menza, M. Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele water nutrients In the East African highlands, crop yields tend to increase with proximity of the farm plots to homesteads. Farmers identified soil erosion as the most detrimental cause of low crop yield in the outfields followed by soil compaction due to livestock trampling. The main objective of this study was to determine whether zai pits (i.e. small water harvesting pits) developed for dryland regions of the Sahel could increase crop yield and water productivity of degraded outfields in high rainfall areas, where mean annual rainfall exceeds 1300mmbut soil water infiltration is reduced by slope, low soil organic matter and hardpans. The pits were enlarged to resist strong runoff flows. The research was conducted over three years from 2004 to 2006. Potatoes and beans were used as test crops. Overall, compared to control plots, the zai pits, in combination with nitrogen (N) inputs, increased potato yields from 500% to 2000% ( p ≤ 0.001). The pits contributed more to increased crop yield than N inputs. Similarly, bean yields from the zai pits were up to 250% higher. Crop water productivity was 300–700% higher with zai pits than with control plots. The income of farmers who used zai pits was up to 20-fold higher than the labour costs required to prepare them. Contrary to conventional wisdom, this study reveals that the major constraint of the outfields is not nutrient deficiency per se rather low soil water holding capacity, which hinders crop growth and efficient utilization of available nutrients. 2011-01 2011-01-15T10:56:53Z 2011-01-15T10:56:53Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/3055 en Limited Access Cambridge University Press Amede, T., Menza, M. And Bekele, S. 2011. Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands. Experimental Agriculture 47(S1):7-20.
spellingShingle water
nutrients
Amede, Tilahun
Menza, M.
Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele
Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands
title Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands
title_full Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands
title_fullStr Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands
title_full_unstemmed Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands
title_short Zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the Ethiopian highlands
title_sort zai improves nutrient and water productivity in the ethiopian highlands
topic water
nutrients
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/3055
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