Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda

Cattle from 50 farms in Mukono County, Uganda, were monitored for trypanosomes every second month over an 18-month period (1995–1996) by mini-anion exchange chromatography and haematocrit centrifugation techniques. Eighteen trypanosome isolates collected from cattle during this period were character...

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Autores principales: Olila, D., McDermott, John J., Eisler, M.C., Mitema, E.S., Patzelt, R.J., Clausen, Peter-Henning, Poetzsch, C.J., Zessin, K.H., Mehlitz, D., Peregrine, A.S.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2002
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/29980
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author Olila, D.
McDermott, John J.
Eisler, M.C.
Mitema, E.S.
Patzelt, R.J.
Clausen, Peter-Henning
Poetzsch, C.J.
Zessin, K.H.
Mehlitz, D.
Peregrine, A.S.
author_browse Clausen, Peter-Henning
Eisler, M.C.
McDermott, John J.
Mehlitz, D.
Mitema, E.S.
Olila, D.
Patzelt, R.J.
Peregrine, A.S.
Poetzsch, C.J.
Zessin, K.H.
author_facet Olila, D.
McDermott, John J.
Eisler, M.C.
Mitema, E.S.
Patzelt, R.J.
Clausen, Peter-Henning
Poetzsch, C.J.
Zessin, K.H.
Mehlitz, D.
Peregrine, A.S.
author_sort Olila, D.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Cattle from 50 farms in Mukono County, Uganda, were monitored for trypanosomes every second month over an 18-month period (1995–1996) by mini-anion exchange chromatography and haematocrit centrifugation techniques. Eighteen trypanosome isolates collected from cattle during this period were characterised in cattle, goats and mice for their sensitivity to homidium, isometamidium and diminazene; 10 of the isolates were selected randomly, 8 were from animals that had the highest serum isometamidium concentrations at the time the isolates were collected. All the isolates contained only Trypanosoma brucei and/or T. vivax. In naïve Boran (Bos indicus) cattle the isolates exhibited low pathogenicity and were sensitive to diminazene aceturate at 3.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) and isometamidium chloride at 0.5 mg/kg bw. In goats, 5 of 8 isolates were highly pathogenic, producing clinical signs indicative of central nervous system involvement within 60 days of infection; all such isolates contained T. brucei. However, all 8 populations were sensitive in goats to diminazene aceturate at 3.5 mg/kg bw. In contrast, 4 populations were refractory to treatment with isometamidium chloride at 0.5 mg/kg bw in at least 1 out of 3 goats each. Furthermore, 5 populations were refractory to treatment with homidium chloride at 1.0 mg/kg bw in a minimum of 2 out of 3 goats each. In mice, the 50% curative dose values for 11 Mukono isolates that contained T. brucei ranged from 0.30 to 1.89 mg/kg bw for diminazene aceturate, from 0.02 to 0.17 mg/kg bw for isometamidium chloride and from 0.90 to 4.57 mg/kg bw for homidium chloride. Thus, by comparison to reference drug-sensitive populations, all the stabilates were highly sensitive to diminazene and isometamidium, while some expressed low levels of resistance to homidium.
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spelling CGSpace299802024-04-25T06:01:03Z Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda Olila, D. McDermott, John J. Eisler, M.C. Mitema, E.S. Patzelt, R.J. Clausen, Peter-Henning Poetzsch, C.J. Zessin, K.H. Mehlitz, D. Peregrine, A.S. cattle drug resistance trypanosomiasis dairy industry farming systems Cattle from 50 farms in Mukono County, Uganda, were monitored for trypanosomes every second month over an 18-month period (1995–1996) by mini-anion exchange chromatography and haematocrit centrifugation techniques. Eighteen trypanosome isolates collected from cattle during this period were characterised in cattle, goats and mice for their sensitivity to homidium, isometamidium and diminazene; 10 of the isolates were selected randomly, 8 were from animals that had the highest serum isometamidium concentrations at the time the isolates were collected. All the isolates contained only Trypanosoma brucei and/or T. vivax. In naïve Boran (Bos indicus) cattle the isolates exhibited low pathogenicity and were sensitive to diminazene aceturate at 3.5 mg/kg body weight (bw) and isometamidium chloride at 0.5 mg/kg bw. In goats, 5 of 8 isolates were highly pathogenic, producing clinical signs indicative of central nervous system involvement within 60 days of infection; all such isolates contained T. brucei. However, all 8 populations were sensitive in goats to diminazene aceturate at 3.5 mg/kg bw. In contrast, 4 populations were refractory to treatment with isometamidium chloride at 0.5 mg/kg bw in at least 1 out of 3 goats each. Furthermore, 5 populations were refractory to treatment with homidium chloride at 1.0 mg/kg bw in a minimum of 2 out of 3 goats each. In mice, the 50% curative dose values for 11 Mukono isolates that contained T. brucei ranged from 0.30 to 1.89 mg/kg bw for diminazene aceturate, from 0.02 to 0.17 mg/kg bw for isometamidium chloride and from 0.90 to 4.57 mg/kg bw for homidium chloride. Thus, by comparison to reference drug-sensitive populations, all the stabilates were highly sensitive to diminazene and isometamidium, while some expressed low levels of resistance to homidium. 2002-10 2013-06-11T09:25:41Z 2013-06-11T09:25:41Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/29980 en Limited Access Elsevier Acta Tropica;84(1): 19-30
spellingShingle cattle
drug resistance
trypanosomiasis
dairy industry
farming systems
Olila, D.
McDermott, John J.
Eisler, M.C.
Mitema, E.S.
Patzelt, R.J.
Clausen, Peter-Henning
Poetzsch, C.J.
Zessin, K.H.
Mehlitz, D.
Peregrine, A.S.
Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda
title Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda
title_full Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda
title_fullStr Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda
title_full_unstemmed Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda
title_short Drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri-urban dairy production system in Uganda
title_sort drug sensitivity of trypanosome populations from cattle in a peri urban dairy production system in uganda
topic cattle
drug resistance
trypanosomiasis
dairy industry
farming systems
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/29980
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