| Summary: | This article on the types, breeds and management of cattle and buffalo in Africa describes both traditional management systems and recent innovations, and considers the factors determining productivity, the environmental impact of pastoralism and the genetic improvement of African cattle. Topics discussed include strategies for the improvement of pastoral systems, the transhumant pastoralist Fulani and the semi-nomadic Borana, cattle ranching in East Africa, group ranches, environmental degradation, productivity of pastoral systems, genetic improvement, and trends in the movement of meat animals.
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