| Summary: | This impact assessment documents Phase II of FarmDESIGN implementation in Lemmo Woreda, Ethiopia, shifting from whole-farm modeling and participatory scenario design to on-farm implementation and early impact evaluation. Using a mixed-methods approach, which includes farmer surveys, field observations, and case studies, the assessment examines the adoption of FarmDESIGN-recommended practices, such as tree–forage integration, composting, crop diversification, intercropping, and residue management. Results show encouraging early outcomes in soil health, livestock productivity, and system resilience, alongside reduced reliance on external inputs. Adoption patterns are context-specific and strongly mediated by water availability, highlighting the need to integrate water management and market access in future FarmDESIGN scaling efforts.
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