Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens

Soil‐borne pathogens reduce the performance of key food crops in sub‐Saharan Africa. Diversified cropping and nutrient management can enhance soil and plant health, limiting pathogen damage. To examine how management and soil health changes influence soil‐borne pathogens, we leveraged an 18‐year fie...

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Autores principales: Mutai, Joyce, Medvecky, Beth, Vanek, Steven J., Ojiem, John, Bolo, Peter, Kihara, Job, Fonte, Steven J.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Wiley 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179876
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author Mutai, Joyce
Medvecky, Beth
Vanek, Steven J.
Ojiem, John
Bolo, Peter
Kihara, Job
Fonte, Steven J.
author_browse Bolo, Peter
Fonte, Steven J.
Kihara, Job
Medvecky, Beth
Mutai, Joyce
Ojiem, John
Vanek, Steven J.
author_facet Mutai, Joyce
Medvecky, Beth
Vanek, Steven J.
Ojiem, John
Bolo, Peter
Kihara, Job
Fonte, Steven J.
author_sort Mutai, Joyce
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Soil‐borne pathogens reduce the performance of key food crops in sub‐Saharan Africa. Diversified cropping and nutrient management can enhance soil and plant health, limiting pathogen damage. To examine how management and soil health changes influence soil‐borne pathogens, we leveraged an 18‐year field trial in western Kenya, evaluating cropping systems typical of smallholder farms. We considered three cropping systems and two organic matter management strategies: continuous maize monocrop (M–M), Tephrosia in rotation with maize (T–M), maize intercropped with soybean (M–S), application or not of farmyard manure, and retention or removal of crop residues. We assessed soil physical and chemical properties and major soil‐borne pathogens—Fusarium, Pythium, root knot nematodes (RKN), and lesion nematodes. T–M rotation significantly improved permanganate oxidizable C (POXC), particulate organic matter (POM), aggregation, and available P, while reducing pH and bulk density, compared to other systems. M–S did not significantly improve soil health relative to M–M. Manure reduced RKN by 92% but increased Fusarium by 54%. Soil pH and POXC were negatively correlated with Pythium and RKN, while Fusarium correlated positively with POXC, total C, and aggregation. Overall, continuous nutrient mining and minimal organic inputs led to declines in key soil properties (pH, POXC, POM, aggregation, and total C), with implications for pathogen dynamics. Our findings highlight the importance of organic inputs in enhancing soil health and managing pathogens but caution against using Tephrosia in nematode‐infested soils, as it appears to be a suitable host and may not suppress their populations.
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spelling CGSpace1798762026-01-16T02:16:13Z Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens Mutai, Joyce Medvecky, Beth Vanek, Steven J. Ojiem, John Bolo, Peter Kihara, Job Fonte, Steven J. evaluation cropping systems soil quality soil-borne organisms Soil‐borne pathogens reduce the performance of key food crops in sub‐Saharan Africa. Diversified cropping and nutrient management can enhance soil and plant health, limiting pathogen damage. To examine how management and soil health changes influence soil‐borne pathogens, we leveraged an 18‐year field trial in western Kenya, evaluating cropping systems typical of smallholder farms. We considered three cropping systems and two organic matter management strategies: continuous maize monocrop (M–M), Tephrosia in rotation with maize (T–M), maize intercropped with soybean (M–S), application or not of farmyard manure, and retention or removal of crop residues. We assessed soil physical and chemical properties and major soil‐borne pathogens—Fusarium, Pythium, root knot nematodes (RKN), and lesion nematodes. T–M rotation significantly improved permanganate oxidizable C (POXC), particulate organic matter (POM), aggregation, and available P, while reducing pH and bulk density, compared to other systems. M–S did not significantly improve soil health relative to M–M. Manure reduced RKN by 92% but increased Fusarium by 54%. Soil pH and POXC were negatively correlated with Pythium and RKN, while Fusarium correlated positively with POXC, total C, and aggregation. Overall, continuous nutrient mining and minimal organic inputs led to declines in key soil properties (pH, POXC, POM, aggregation, and total C), with implications for pathogen dynamics. Our findings highlight the importance of organic inputs in enhancing soil health and managing pathogens but caution against using Tephrosia in nematode‐infested soils, as it appears to be a suitable host and may not suppress their populations. 2025-05-25 2026-01-15T08:43:37Z 2026-01-15T08:43:37Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179876 en Open Access application/pdf Wiley Mutai, J.; Medvecky, B.; Vanek, S.J.; Ojiem, J.; Bolo, P.; Kihara, J.; Fonte, S.J. (2025) Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens. Soil Science Society of America Journal 89(3): e70076. ISSN: 0361-5995
spellingShingle evaluation
cropping systems
soil quality
soil-borne organisms
Mutai, Joyce
Medvecky, Beth
Vanek, Steven J.
Ojiem, John
Bolo, Peter
Kihara, Job
Fonte, Steven J.
Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens
title Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens
title_full Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens
title_fullStr Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens
title_full_unstemmed Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens
title_short Long‐term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil‐borne pathogens
title_sort long term cropping system and manure effects on soil health parameters and associated soil borne pathogens
topic evaluation
cropping systems
soil quality
soil-borne organisms
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179876
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