Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

The direct-seeded rice (DSR) system is poised to become the dominant rice cultivation method due to its advantages, including reduced water usage, less labor requirements, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, and improved adaptation to climate change. However, weeds, particularly jungle rice (Echinoc...

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Autores principales: Nocito, Kim Diane, Murugaiyan, Varunseelan, Ali, Jauhar, Pandey, Ambika, Casal, Carlos, De Asis, Erik Jon, Dimaano, Nina Gracel
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179457
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author Nocito, Kim Diane
Murugaiyan, Varunseelan
Ali, Jauhar
Pandey, Ambika
Casal, Carlos
De Asis, Erik Jon
Dimaano, Nina Gracel
author_browse Ali, Jauhar
Casal, Carlos
De Asis, Erik Jon
Dimaano, Nina Gracel
Murugaiyan, Varunseelan
Nocito, Kim Diane
Pandey, Ambika
author_facet Nocito, Kim Diane
Murugaiyan, Varunseelan
Ali, Jauhar
Pandey, Ambika
Casal, Carlos
De Asis, Erik Jon
Dimaano, Nina Gracel
author_sort Nocito, Kim Diane
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The direct-seeded rice (DSR) system is poised to become the dominant rice cultivation method due to its advantages, including reduced water usage, less labor requirements, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, and improved adaptation to climate change. However, weeds, particularly jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), significantly hinder DSR and cause substantial yield losses. This study aimed to develop rice cultivars competitive against jungle rice through selective breeding, focusing on early seed germination (ESG) and seedling vigor (ESV). We utilized 181 early-backcross selective introgression breeding lines (EB-SILs) developed using Green Super Rice (GSR) technology by backcrossing Weed Tolerant Rice1 (WTR1) with three donor parents, Haoannong, Cheng Hui 448, and Y134. Using the tunable genotyping-by-sequencing (tGBS (R), Data2Bio Technologies, Ames, IA, USA) method, we identified 3971 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that facilitated the mapping of 19 novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with weed competitiveness-eight linked to ESG traits and eleven to ESV traits. Notably, all QTLs were novel except qRPH1, linked to relative plant height at 14 and 21 days after sowing. Key QTLs were located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12. Candidate genes identified within these QTLs are implicated in the plant's response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Our findings enhance the understanding of the genetic basis for ESG and ESV traits critical for weed competitiveness, supporting marker-assisted and genomic selection approaches for breeding improved rice varieties. Furthermore, this research lays the groundwork for employing gene expression, cloning, and CRISPR editing strategies to combat jungle rice, with potential applications for other weed species and contributing to effective integrated weed management in the DSR system.
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spelling CGSpace1794572026-01-08T02:03:59Z Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Nocito, Kim Diane Murugaiyan, Varunseelan Ali, Jauhar Pandey, Ambika Casal, Carlos De Asis, Erik Jon Dimaano, Nina Gracel rice weeds weed competition barnyard millet seed vigour single nucleotide polymorphisms quantitative trait loci candidate genes The direct-seeded rice (DSR) system is poised to become the dominant rice cultivation method due to its advantages, including reduced water usage, less labor requirements, decreased greenhouse gas emissions, and improved adaptation to climate change. However, weeds, particularly jungle rice (Echinochloa colona), significantly hinder DSR and cause substantial yield losses. This study aimed to develop rice cultivars competitive against jungle rice through selective breeding, focusing on early seed germination (ESG) and seedling vigor (ESV). We utilized 181 early-backcross selective introgression breeding lines (EB-SILs) developed using Green Super Rice (GSR) technology by backcrossing Weed Tolerant Rice1 (WTR1) with three donor parents, Haoannong, Cheng Hui 448, and Y134. Using the tunable genotyping-by-sequencing (tGBS (R), Data2Bio Technologies, Ames, IA, USA) method, we identified 3971 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that facilitated the mapping of 19 novel quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with weed competitiveness-eight linked to ESG traits and eleven to ESV traits. Notably, all QTLs were novel except qRPH1, linked to relative plant height at 14 and 21 days after sowing. Key QTLs were located on chromosomes 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, and 12. Candidate genes identified within these QTLs are implicated in the plant's response to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Our findings enhance the understanding of the genetic basis for ESG and ESV traits critical for weed competitiveness, supporting marker-assisted and genomic selection approaches for breeding improved rice varieties. Furthermore, this research lays the groundwork for employing gene expression, cloning, and CRISPR editing strategies to combat jungle rice, with potential applications for other weed species and contributing to effective integrated weed management in the DSR system. 2025-04-13 2026-01-07T08:39:05Z 2026-01-07T08:39:05Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179457 en Open Access application/pdf MDPI Nocito, Kim Diane, Varunseelan Murugaiyan, Jauhar Ali, Ambika Pandey, Carlos Casal Jr, Erik Jon De Asis, and Niña Gracel Dimaano. "Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)." Biology 14, no. 413 (2025): 1-23.
spellingShingle rice
weeds
weed competition
barnyard millet
seed vigour
single nucleotide polymorphisms
quantitative trait loci
candidate genes
Nocito, Kim Diane
Murugaiyan, Varunseelan
Ali, Jauhar
Pandey, Ambika
Casal, Carlos
De Asis, Erik Jon
Dimaano, Nina Gracel
Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
title Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
title_full Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
title_fullStr Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
title_full_unstemmed Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
title_short Genome-Wide Dissection of Novel QTLs and Genes Associated with Weed Competitiveness in Early-Backcross Selective Introgression-Breeding Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)
title_sort genome wide dissection of novel qtls and genes associated with weed competitiveness in early backcross selective introgression breeding populations of rice oryza sativa l
topic rice
weeds
weed competition
barnyard millet
seed vigour
single nucleotide polymorphisms
quantitative trait loci
candidate genes
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179457
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