Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”

Climate change is driving the spread of transboundary wheat diseases, necessitating the development of resilient wheat varieties for sustainable agriculture. Wheat rusts, including leaf rust (LR), yellow rust (YR), and stem rust (SR), remain among the most economically significant diseases, causing...

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Autores principales: Qureshi, Naeela, Singh, Ravi Prakash, Bhavani, Sridhar
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: MDPI 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179109
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author Qureshi, Naeela
Singh, Ravi Prakash
Bhavani, Sridhar
author_browse Bhavani, Sridhar
Qureshi, Naeela
Singh, Ravi Prakash
author_facet Qureshi, Naeela
Singh, Ravi Prakash
Bhavani, Sridhar
author_sort Qureshi, Naeela
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Climate change is driving the spread of transboundary wheat diseases, necessitating the development of resilient wheat varieties for sustainable agriculture. Wheat rusts, including leaf rust (LR), yellow rust (YR), and stem rust (SR), remain among the most economically significant diseases, causing substantial yield losses worldwide. Enhancing genetic diversity by identifying and deploying rust resistance genes is crucial for durable resistance in wheat breeding programs. This study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with rust resistance in the CIMMYT wheat line Kasuku, released in Kenya in 2018. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (181 lines) derived from Kasuku (triple rust-resistant) and Apav#1 (triple rust-susceptible) was evaluated under artificial LR and YR epidemics in Mexico and YR and SR in Kenya. QTL mapping using genotyping-by-sequencing (DArTSeq) and phenotypic data identified four major loci: QLrYrSr.cim-1BL (Lr46/Yr29/Sr58) on 1BL, conferring resistance to LR, YR, and SR; QLrYr.cim-2AS (Yr17/Lr37) on 2AS, providing LR and YR resistance; QLrYr.cim-3AL on 3AL; and QLrYrSr.cim-6AL on 6AL, representing novel loci associated with multiple rust resistances. Additionally, minor QTL were also identified: for LR (QLr.cim-2DS on 2DS, QLr.cim-6DS on 6DS), for YR (QYrKen.cim-3DS on 3DS, QYrKen.cim-6BS on 6BS), and for SR (QSr.cim-2BS on 2BS, QSr.cim-5AL on 5AL, QSr.cim-6AS on 6AS). RILs carrying these QTL combinations exhibited significant reductions in rust severity. Flanking markers for these loci are being used to develop Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers for fine mapping and marker-assisted selection (MAS). These findings contribute to the strategic deployment of rust resistance genes in wheat breeding programs, facilitating durable resistance to multiple rust pathogens.
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spelling CGSpace1791092025-12-20T02:17:11Z Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku” Qureshi, Naeela Singh, Ravi Prakash Bhavani, Sridhar wheat rusts quantitative trait loci genetic maps breeding sustainable agriculture Climate change is driving the spread of transboundary wheat diseases, necessitating the development of resilient wheat varieties for sustainable agriculture. Wheat rusts, including leaf rust (LR), yellow rust (YR), and stem rust (SR), remain among the most economically significant diseases, causing substantial yield losses worldwide. Enhancing genetic diversity by identifying and deploying rust resistance genes is crucial for durable resistance in wheat breeding programs. This study aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTL) associated with rust resistance in the CIMMYT wheat line Kasuku, released in Kenya in 2018. A recombinant inbred line (RIL) population (181 lines) derived from Kasuku (triple rust-resistant) and Apav#1 (triple rust-susceptible) was evaluated under artificial LR and YR epidemics in Mexico and YR and SR in Kenya. QTL mapping using genotyping-by-sequencing (DArTSeq) and phenotypic data identified four major loci: QLrYrSr.cim-1BL (Lr46/Yr29/Sr58) on 1BL, conferring resistance to LR, YR, and SR; QLrYr.cim-2AS (Yr17/Lr37) on 2AS, providing LR and YR resistance; QLrYr.cim-3AL on 3AL; and QLrYrSr.cim-6AL on 6AL, representing novel loci associated with multiple rust resistances. Additionally, minor QTL were also identified: for LR (QLr.cim-2DS on 2DS, QLr.cim-6DS on 6DS), for YR (QYrKen.cim-3DS on 3DS, QYrKen.cim-6BS on 6BS), and for SR (QSr.cim-2BS on 2BS, QSr.cim-5AL on 5AL, QSr.cim-6AS on 6AS). RILs carrying these QTL combinations exhibited significant reductions in rust severity. Flanking markers for these loci are being used to develop Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) markers for fine mapping and marker-assisted selection (MAS). These findings contribute to the strategic deployment of rust resistance genes in wheat breeding programs, facilitating durable resistance to multiple rust pathogens. 2025-04-01 2025-12-19T22:37:45Z 2025-12-19T22:37:45Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179109 en Open Access application/pdf MDPI Qureshi, N., Singh, R. P., & Bhavani, S. (2025). Genetic Dissection of Triple Rust Resistance (Leaf, Yellow, and Stem Rust) in Kenyan Wheat Cultivar, “Kasuku”. Plants, 14(7), 1007. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14071007
spellingShingle wheat
rusts
quantitative trait loci
genetic maps
breeding
sustainable agriculture
Qureshi, Naeela
Singh, Ravi Prakash
Bhavani, Sridhar
Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”
title Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”
title_full Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”
title_fullStr Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”
title_full_unstemmed Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”
title_short Genetic dissection of triple rust resistance (leaf, yellow, and stem rust) in Kenyan wheat cultivar, “Kasuku”
title_sort genetic dissection of triple rust resistance leaf yellow and stem rust in kenyan wheat cultivar kasuku
topic wheat
rusts
quantitative trait loci
genetic maps
breeding
sustainable agriculture
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179109
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AT bhavanisridhar geneticdissectionoftriplerustresistanceleafyellowandstemrustinkenyanwheatcultivarkasuku