Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat

Background: Grain number (GN) is one of the key yield contributing factors in modern wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties. Fruiting efficiency (FE) is a key trait for increasing GN by making more spike assimilates available to reproductive structures. Thousand grain weight (TGW) is also an important...

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Main Authors: Shahi, Dipendra, Guo, Jia, Babar, Md Ali, Pradha, Sumit, Avci, Muhsin, McBreen, Jordan, Liu, Zhao, Bai, Guihua, St. Amand, Paul, Bernardo, Amy, Reynolds, Matthew Paul, Molero, Gemma, Sukumaran, Sivakumar, Foulkes, John, Khan, Jahangir
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: BioMed Central Ltd. 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179106
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author Shahi, Dipendra
Guo, Jia
Babar, Md Ali
Pradha, Sumit
Avci, Muhsin
McBreen, Jordan
Liu, Zhao
Bai, Guihua
St. Amand, Paul
Bernardo, Amy
Reynolds, Matthew Paul
Molero, Gemma
Sukumaran, Sivakumar
Foulkes, John
Khan, Jahangir
author_browse Avci, Muhsin
Babar, Md Ali
Bai, Guihua
Bernardo, Amy
Foulkes, John
Guo, Jia
Khan, Jahangir
Liu, Zhao
McBreen, Jordan
Molero, Gemma
Pradha, Sumit
Reynolds, Matthew Paul
Shahi, Dipendra
St. Amand, Paul
Sukumaran, Sivakumar
author_facet Shahi, Dipendra
Guo, Jia
Babar, Md Ali
Pradha, Sumit
Avci, Muhsin
McBreen, Jordan
Liu, Zhao
Bai, Guihua
St. Amand, Paul
Bernardo, Amy
Reynolds, Matthew Paul
Molero, Gemma
Sukumaran, Sivakumar
Foulkes, John
Khan, Jahangir
author_sort Shahi, Dipendra
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Background: Grain number (GN) is one of the key yield contributing factors in modern wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties. Fruiting efficiency (FE) is a key trait for increasing GN by making more spike assimilates available to reproductive structures. Thousand grain weight (TGW) is also an important component of grain yield. To understand the genetic architecture of FE and TGW, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a panel of 236 US soft facultative wheats that were phenotyped in three experiments at two locations in Florida and genotyped with 20,706 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Results: FE showed significant positive associations with GN, grain yield (GY), and harvest index (HI). Likewise, TGW mostly had a positive correlation with GY and HI, but a negative correlation with GN. Eighteen marker-trait associations (MTAs) for FE and TGW were identified on 11 chromosomes, with nine MTAs within genes. Several MTAs associated with other traits were found within genes with different biological and metabolic functions including nuclear pore complex protein, F-box protein, oligopeptide transporter, and glycoside vacuolar protein. Two KASP markers showed significant mean differences for FE and TGW traits in a validation population. Conclusions: KASP marker development and validation demonstrated the utility of these markers for improving FE and TGW in breeding programs. The results suggest that optimizing intra-spike partitioning and utilizing marker-assisted selection (MAS) can enhance GY and HI.
format Journal Article
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institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2025
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spelling CGSpace1791062025-12-20T02:13:51Z Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat Shahi, Dipendra Guo, Jia Babar, Md Ali Pradha, Sumit Avci, Muhsin McBreen, Jordan Liu, Zhao Bai, Guihua St. Amand, Paul Bernardo, Amy Reynolds, Matthew Paul Molero, Gemma Sukumaran, Sivakumar Foulkes, John Khan, Jahangir fruiting efficiency harvest index pcr genome-wide association studies wheat yields principal component analysis Background: Grain number (GN) is one of the key yield contributing factors in modern wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties. Fruiting efficiency (FE) is a key trait for increasing GN by making more spike assimilates available to reproductive structures. Thousand grain weight (TGW) is also an important component of grain yield. To understand the genetic architecture of FE and TGW, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a panel of 236 US soft facultative wheats that were phenotyped in three experiments at two locations in Florida and genotyped with 20,706 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) generated from genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). Results: FE showed significant positive associations with GN, grain yield (GY), and harvest index (HI). Likewise, TGW mostly had a positive correlation with GY and HI, but a negative correlation with GN. Eighteen marker-trait associations (MTAs) for FE and TGW were identified on 11 chromosomes, with nine MTAs within genes. Several MTAs associated with other traits were found within genes with different biological and metabolic functions including nuclear pore complex protein, F-box protein, oligopeptide transporter, and glycoside vacuolar protein. Two KASP markers showed significant mean differences for FE and TGW traits in a validation population. Conclusions: KASP marker development and validation demonstrated the utility of these markers for improving FE and TGW in breeding programs. The results suggest that optimizing intra-spike partitioning and utilizing marker-assisted selection (MAS) can enhance GY and HI. 2025-01 2025-12-19T22:28:47Z 2025-12-19T22:28:47Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179106 en Open Access application/pdf BioMed Central Ltd. Shahi, D., Guo, J., Babar, M. A., Pradhan, S., Avci, M., McBreen, J., Liu, Z., Bai, G., St Amand, P., Bernardo, A., Reynolds, M., Molero, G., Sukumaran, S., Foulkes, J., & Khan, J. (2025). Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat. BMC Plant Biology, 25(1), 101. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-025-06072-1
spellingShingle fruiting
efficiency
harvest index
pcr
genome-wide association studies
wheat
yields
principal component analysis
Shahi, Dipendra
Guo, Jia
Babar, Md Ali
Pradha, Sumit
Avci, Muhsin
McBreen, Jordan
Liu, Zhao
Bai, Guihua
St. Amand, Paul
Bernardo, Amy
Reynolds, Matthew Paul
Molero, Gemma
Sukumaran, Sivakumar
Foulkes, John
Khan, Jahangir
Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat
title Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat
title_full Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat
title_fullStr Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat
title_full_unstemmed Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat
title_short Dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index, grain number, and yield in wheat
title_sort dissecting the genetic basis of fruiting efficiency for genetic enhancement of harvest index grain number and yield in wheat
topic fruiting
efficiency
harvest index
pcr
genome-wide association studies
wheat
yields
principal component analysis
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/179106
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