Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress
Understanding genetic relationships of maize inbred lines before integrating them into a breeding program is crucial for optimizing heterosis. In this study we assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 188 early maturing provitamin A maize inbred lines sourced from CIMMYT and IITA u...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
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Springer Nature
2025
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178722 |
| _version_ | 1855534762129620992 |
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| author | Mudadirwa, Derek Olakojo, Samuel Adelowo Ndhlela, Thokozile Mhike, Xavier Shayanowako, Admire Isaac Tichafa |
| author_browse | Mhike, Xavier Mudadirwa, Derek Ndhlela, Thokozile Olakojo, Samuel Adelowo Shayanowako, Admire Isaac Tichafa |
| author_facet | Mudadirwa, Derek Olakojo, Samuel Adelowo Ndhlela, Thokozile Mhike, Xavier Shayanowako, Admire Isaac Tichafa |
| author_sort | Mudadirwa, Derek |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Understanding genetic relationships of maize inbred lines before integrating them into a breeding program is crucial for optimizing heterosis. In this study we assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 188 early maturing provitamin A maize inbred lines sourced from CIMMYT and IITA using 3.3 K SNPs markers and phenotypic traits data. The results showed highly significant statistical variability (p < 0.000) for key phenotypic traits such as, anthesis date (AD), anthesis-silking interval (ASI), senescence (SEN), ears per plant (EPP) and grain yield (GYD). Inbred lines DS19753, TZMI1989, DS197-206 and DS197-338 had high grain yield under drought and heat stress conditions whilst CML 486, DS197-308, DS197-185, and DS197-318 performed better under non-drought and heat stress conditions. The genetic diversity analysis revealed moderate genetic diversity (GD) of 0.24, and a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.20. A minor allele frequency (MAF) of 18% suggested relatively low genetic variation amongst the inbred lines whilst observed heterozygosity (Ho) of 0.02 and Fixation Index (F) of 0.90 indicated fixation of most loci in the inbred lines. Delta K was highest at K = 2 suggesting presence of two distinct genetic sub-populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance indicated that the estimated variance amongst the two populations (0.001) was minimal whilst most of the genetic variance occurs within populations (0.499). The phenotypic diversity revealed supported by genotypic variations among the assessed genotypes suggests a possibility of successful selection of superior drought and heat tolerant provitamin A maize inbred lines that can be used for developing hybrids. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace178722 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Springer Nature |
| publisherStr | Springer Nature |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1787222025-12-11T02:12:07Z Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress Mudadirwa, Derek Olakojo, Samuel Adelowo Ndhlela, Thokozile Mhike, Xavier Shayanowako, Admire Isaac Tichafa climate-smart agriculture correlation genotype environment interaction maize genotypes testing environment yield stability hybrids Understanding genetic relationships of maize inbred lines before integrating them into a breeding program is crucial for optimizing heterosis. In this study we assessed the genetic diversity and population structure of 188 early maturing provitamin A maize inbred lines sourced from CIMMYT and IITA using 3.3 K SNPs markers and phenotypic traits data. The results showed highly significant statistical variability (p < 0.000) for key phenotypic traits such as, anthesis date (AD), anthesis-silking interval (ASI), senescence (SEN), ears per plant (EPP) and grain yield (GYD). Inbred lines DS19753, TZMI1989, DS197-206 and DS197-338 had high grain yield under drought and heat stress conditions whilst CML 486, DS197-308, DS197-185, and DS197-318 performed better under non-drought and heat stress conditions. The genetic diversity analysis revealed moderate genetic diversity (GD) of 0.24, and a polymorphic information content (PIC) of 0.20. A minor allele frequency (MAF) of 18% suggested relatively low genetic variation amongst the inbred lines whilst observed heterozygosity (Ho) of 0.02 and Fixation Index (F) of 0.90 indicated fixation of most loci in the inbred lines. Delta K was highest at K = 2 suggesting presence of two distinct genetic sub-populations. Analysis of Molecular Variance indicated that the estimated variance amongst the two populations (0.001) was minimal whilst most of the genetic variance occurs within populations (0.499). The phenotypic diversity revealed supported by genotypic variations among the assessed genotypes suggests a possibility of successful selection of superior drought and heat tolerant provitamin A maize inbred lines that can be used for developing hybrids. 2025 2025-12-10T21:47:37Z 2025-12-10T21:47:37Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178722 en Open Access application/pdf Springer Nature Mudadirwa, D., Olakojo, S. A., Ndhlela, T., Mhike, X., & Shayanowako, A. I. T. (2025). Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress. Discover Plants, 2(1), art. 119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44372-025-00205-4 |
| spellingShingle | climate-smart agriculture correlation genotype environment interaction maize genotypes testing environment yield stability hybrids Mudadirwa, Derek Olakojo, Samuel Adelowo Ndhlela, Thokozile Mhike, Xavier Shayanowako, Admire Isaac Tichafa Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| title | Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| title_full | Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| title_fullStr | Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| title_short | Understanding genetic diversity and population structure of CIMMYT and IITA early maturing provitamin A maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines using phenotypic traits and SNP markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| title_sort | understanding genetic diversity and population structure of cimmyt and iita early maturing provitamin a maize zea mays l inbred lines using phenotypic traits and snp markers for variable tolerance to drought and heat stress |
| topic | climate-smart agriculture correlation genotype environment interaction maize genotypes testing environment yield stability hybrids |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178722 |
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