Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis

Carbon credit projects (CCPs) are promoted to finance the adoption of carbon farming practices, yet their success depends on farmers' confidence in the organizations that recruit, train, and pay them. We investigated how farmers perceive the main actors in CCPs and which of those actors are most lik...

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Main Authors: Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale, Gadde, Sriharsha, Cariappa, A. G. Adeeth
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier B.V. 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178625
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author Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale
Gadde, Sriharsha
Cariappa, A. G. Adeeth
author_browse Cariappa, A. G. Adeeth
Gadde, Sriharsha
Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale
author_facet Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale
Gadde, Sriharsha
Cariappa, A. G. Adeeth
author_sort Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Carbon credit projects (CCPs) are promoted to finance the adoption of carbon farming practices, yet their success depends on farmers' confidence in the organizations that recruit, train, and pay them. We investigated how farmers perceive the main actors in CCPs and which of those actors are most likely to motivate uptake of sustainable technologies. We used a perception matrix survey with 500 rice- and livestock-based farmers (the two most significant sources of agricultural emissions) in southern India to identify which actors they trust most across eight functions – participation, information, training, inclusiveness, payment transparency, understanding of farmer realities, and overall trust. State Departments of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Animal Husbandry received the highest composite score (>3.9/5), reflecting strong confidence in their technical advice, inclusive training, and fair handling of carbon credit payments. Progressive farmers and agricultural universities, including Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK - agricultural extension centers), formed the next tier, valued for peer demonstration and science-based support. Private companies, input dealers, and farmer-producer organizations were considered moderately reliable, while international organizations and non-governmental organizations ranked lowest due to limited village-level engagement and unclear benefits. Financial transparency emerged as the weakest function across all actors. The study underscores that public extension agencies, KVKs, and progressive farmers together constitute the trust infrastructure for credible and transparent carbon credit implementation. These findings indicate where credibility already exists and where it must be built. Embedding State Departments as nodal agencies and mandating transparent, Direct Benefit Transfer payments would institutionalize trust and accountability in future carbon projects. Project proponents can use the perception matrix framework at the design stage – and later as a diagnostic – to decide whether to deliver services through trusted public agencies and farmer networks or invest in correcting misperceptions when they stem from information gaps. Aligning CCP implementation with high-trust actors locally and publishing auditable payment schedules could accelerate the adoption of carbon farming practices, reduce disadoption, and enhance the effectiveness of India's forthcoming voluntary carbon market.
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spelling CGSpace1786252025-12-09T02:16:19Z Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale Gadde, Sriharsha Cariappa, A. G. Adeeth carbon stakeholders climate change mitigation farmers senses Carbon credit projects (CCPs) are promoted to finance the adoption of carbon farming practices, yet their success depends on farmers' confidence in the organizations that recruit, train, and pay them. We investigated how farmers perceive the main actors in CCPs and which of those actors are most likely to motivate uptake of sustainable technologies. We used a perception matrix survey with 500 rice- and livestock-based farmers (the two most significant sources of agricultural emissions) in southern India to identify which actors they trust most across eight functions – participation, information, training, inclusiveness, payment transparency, understanding of farmer realities, and overall trust. State Departments of Agriculture, Horticulture, and Animal Husbandry received the highest composite score (>3.9/5), reflecting strong confidence in their technical advice, inclusive training, and fair handling of carbon credit payments. Progressive farmers and agricultural universities, including Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK - agricultural extension centers), formed the next tier, valued for peer demonstration and science-based support. Private companies, input dealers, and farmer-producer organizations were considered moderately reliable, while international organizations and non-governmental organizations ranked lowest due to limited village-level engagement and unclear benefits. Financial transparency emerged as the weakest function across all actors. The study underscores that public extension agencies, KVKs, and progressive farmers together constitute the trust infrastructure for credible and transparent carbon credit implementation. These findings indicate where credibility already exists and where it must be built. Embedding State Departments as nodal agencies and mandating transparent, Direct Benefit Transfer payments would institutionalize trust and accountability in future carbon projects. Project proponents can use the perception matrix framework at the design stage – and later as a diagnostic – to decide whether to deliver services through trusted public agencies and farmer networks or invest in correcting misperceptions when they stem from information gaps. Aligning CCP implementation with high-trust actors locally and publishing auditable payment schedules could accelerate the adoption of carbon farming practices, reduce disadoption, and enhance the effectiveness of India's forthcoming voluntary carbon market. 2025-11-12 2025-12-08T22:45:15Z 2025-12-08T22:45:15Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178625 en Open Access application/pdf Elsevier B.V. Mallappa, V. K. H., Gadde, S., & Cariappa, A. A. (2025). Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis. Current Research in Environmental Sustainability, 10, 100317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crsust.2025.100317
spellingShingle carbon
stakeholders
climate change mitigation
farmers
senses
Mallappa, Vinaya Kumar Hebsale
Gadde, Sriharsha
Cariappa, A. G. Adeeth
Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis
title Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis
title_full Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis
title_fullStr Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis
title_full_unstemmed Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis
title_short Understanding farmers' trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects: A perception-based analysis
title_sort understanding farmers trust in stakeholders of carbon credit projects a perception based analysis
topic carbon
stakeholders
climate change mitigation
farmers
senses
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178625
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