Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria

Theoretical models posit that migration decisions are driven by differences in economic opportunities across locations, including across rural and urban areas, which implies that increased rural investment can curb rural-urban migration and encourage engagement in agriculture. However, direct empiri...

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Main Authors: Amare, Mulubrhan, Takeshima, Hiroyuki, Abay, Kibrom A., Omamo, Steven Were
Format: Artículo preliminar
Language:Inglés
Published: International Food Policy Research Institute 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178300
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author Amare, Mulubrhan
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Abay, Kibrom A.
Omamo, Steven Were
author_browse Abay, Kibrom A.
Amare, Mulubrhan
Omamo, Steven Were
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
author_facet Amare, Mulubrhan
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Abay, Kibrom A.
Omamo, Steven Were
author_sort Amare, Mulubrhan
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Theoretical models posit that migration decisions are driven by differences in economic opportunities across locations, including across rural and urban areas, which implies that increased rural investment can curb rural-urban migration and encourage engagement in agriculture. However, direct empirical evidence of this remains scant, especially on youth migration in Africa. We fill this knowledge gap by examining the effect of temporal changes in public expenditures for the agriculture sector (PEA) on rural youth’s migration and engagement in rural economies in Nigeria. We combine unique subnational data that capture PEA’s spatiotemporal variations and individual level youth data and estimate two-way fixed effects models. We find that a 1 percentage point increase (equivalent to a 25 percent increase) in the share of PEA, is associated with up to 0.9 percentage points reduction in youth’s out-migration. Conversely, an increase in PEA leads to increased youth engagement in farm activities. Our results suggest that public investments in rural economies can mitigate youth out-migration from rural areas. These results have important implications for informing youth and migration policies, especially in the context of Africa, often characterized by its youth bulge and the exodus of youth from rural areas because of perceived lack of economic opportunities.
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spelling CGSpace1783002025-11-27T02:00:21Z Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria Amare, Mulubrhan Takeshima, Hiroyuki Abay, Kibrom A. Omamo, Steven Were public expenditure agriculture youth migration data models Theoretical models posit that migration decisions are driven by differences in economic opportunities across locations, including across rural and urban areas, which implies that increased rural investment can curb rural-urban migration and encourage engagement in agriculture. However, direct empirical evidence of this remains scant, especially on youth migration in Africa. We fill this knowledge gap by examining the effect of temporal changes in public expenditures for the agriculture sector (PEA) on rural youth’s migration and engagement in rural economies in Nigeria. We combine unique subnational data that capture PEA’s spatiotemporal variations and individual level youth data and estimate two-way fixed effects models. We find that a 1 percentage point increase (equivalent to a 25 percent increase) in the share of PEA, is associated with up to 0.9 percentage points reduction in youth’s out-migration. Conversely, an increase in PEA leads to increased youth engagement in farm activities. Our results suggest that public investments in rural economies can mitigate youth out-migration from rural areas. These results have important implications for informing youth and migration policies, especially in the context of Africa, often characterized by its youth bulge and the exodus of youth from rural areas because of perceived lack of economic opportunities. 2025-11-26 2025-11-26T21:41:43Z 2025-11-26T21:41:43Z Working Paper https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178300 en Open Access application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Amare, Mulubrhan; Takeshima, Hiroyuki; Abay, Kibrom A.; and Omamo, Steven Were. 2025. Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria. IFPRI Discussion Paper 2381. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178300
spellingShingle public expenditure
agriculture
youth
migration
data
models
Amare, Mulubrhan
Takeshima, Hiroyuki
Abay, Kibrom A.
Omamo, Steven Were
Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria
title Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria
title_full Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria
title_fullStr Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria
title_short Public expenditure on agriculture, youth out-migration, and engagement in agriculture? Evidence from Nigeria
title_sort public expenditure on agriculture youth out migration and engagement in agriculture evidence from nigeria
topic public expenditure
agriculture
youth
migration
data
models
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178300
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AT abaykibroma publicexpenditureonagricultureyouthoutmigrationandengagementinagricultureevidencefromnigeria
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