Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of respiratory viruses among people with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We performed an electronic search through the PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Scopus databases to identify ob...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | Inglés |
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BioMed Central
2025
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178112 |
| _version_ | 1855528711932084224 |
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| author | Kaboré, B.W.O. Gouba, N. Ilboudo, Abdoul K. Lingani, M. Savadogo, M. Ouedraogo, E. Cissé, A. Simonis, V. Tarnagda, Z. |
| author_browse | Cissé, A. Gouba, N. Ilboudo, Abdoul K. Kaboré, B.W.O. Lingani, M. Ouedraogo, E. Savadogo, M. Simonis, V. Tarnagda, Z. |
| author_facet | Kaboré, B.W.O. Gouba, N. Ilboudo, Abdoul K. Lingani, M. Savadogo, M. Ouedraogo, E. Cissé, A. Simonis, V. Tarnagda, Z. |
| author_sort | Kaboré, B.W.O. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of respiratory viruses among people with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Sub-Saharan Africa.
Methods: We performed an electronic search through the PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Scopus databases to identify observational (cross-sectional and cohort), and randomized controlled trial studies published in English and French between January 2006, and December 2019. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of major respiratory viruses across studies. Heterogeneity (I2) was assessed via the chi-square test of Cochran’s Q statistic. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically.
Results: This meta-analysis included 73 studies (199,393 participants). Human rhinovirus (HRV) was the most commonly detected virus at 21.2% (95% CI [16.76; 25.75]). The second predominant virus was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) at 16% (95% CI [12.51; 19.59]), followed by human adenovirus (AdV) at 14.3% (95% CI [10.13; 18.57]), and influenza at 13.9% (95% CI [11.27; 16.62]). Other detected viruses included human parainfluenzavirus (HPIV) 8.9% (95% CI [6.08; 11.83]), human coronavirus (HCoV) 7.2% (95% CI [3.77; 10.67]), enterovirus (EV) 7% (95% CI [4.2; 9.81]), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) 4.6% (95% CI [3.53; 5.78]), and human bocavirus (HBoV) 4.1% (95% CI [1.99; 6.34]). Significant heterogeneity was observed across the overall prevalence and within subgroups for all viruses. Notable variations in respiratory virus prevalence were identified according to age, clinical presentation, setting, and Africa region.
Conclusion: The present study has shown that HRV is the most common respiratory virus detected among ARI in Sub-Saharan Africa, followed by RSV, AdV, and influenza virus. Ongoing surveillance is important to monitor changes in the etiology, seasonality, and severity of pathogens of interest. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace178112 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | BioMed Central |
| publisherStr | BioMed Central |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1781122026-01-02T10:53:34Z Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis Kaboré, B.W.O. Gouba, N. Ilboudo, Abdoul K. Lingani, M. Savadogo, M. Ouedraogo, E. Cissé, A. Simonis, V. Tarnagda, Z. aetiology health meta-analysis respiratory diseases Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of respiratory viruses among people with acute respiratory infections (ARI) in Sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We performed an electronic search through the PubMed, EMBASE, Medline, and Scopus databases to identify observational (cross-sectional and cohort), and randomized controlled trial studies published in English and French between January 2006, and December 2019. We used a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of major respiratory viruses across studies. Heterogeneity (I2) was assessed via the chi-square test of Cochran’s Q statistic. A p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically. Results: This meta-analysis included 73 studies (199,393 participants). Human rhinovirus (HRV) was the most commonly detected virus at 21.2% (95% CI [16.76; 25.75]). The second predominant virus was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) at 16% (95% CI [12.51; 19.59]), followed by human adenovirus (AdV) at 14.3% (95% CI [10.13; 18.57]), and influenza at 13.9% (95% CI [11.27; 16.62]). Other detected viruses included human parainfluenzavirus (HPIV) 8.9% (95% CI [6.08; 11.83]), human coronavirus (HCoV) 7.2% (95% CI [3.77; 10.67]), enterovirus (EV) 7% (95% CI [4.2; 9.81]), human metapneumovirus (HMPV) 4.6% (95% CI [3.53; 5.78]), and human bocavirus (HBoV) 4.1% (95% CI [1.99; 6.34]). Significant heterogeneity was observed across the overall prevalence and within subgroups for all viruses. Notable variations in respiratory virus prevalence were identified according to age, clinical presentation, setting, and Africa region. Conclusion: The present study has shown that HRV is the most common respiratory virus detected among ARI in Sub-Saharan Africa, followed by RSV, AdV, and influenza virus. Ongoing surveillance is important to monitor changes in the etiology, seasonality, and severity of pathogens of interest. 2025-12 2025-11-24T12:15:51Z 2025-11-24T12:15:51Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178112 en Open Access BioMed Central Kaboré, B.W.O., Gouba, N., Ilboudo, A.K., Lingani, M., Savadogo, M., Ouedraogo, E., Cissé, A., Simonis, V. and Tarnagda, Z. 2025. Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infectious Diseases 25 (1):1799. |
| spellingShingle | aetiology health meta-analysis respiratory diseases Kaboré, B.W.O. Gouba, N. Ilboudo, Abdoul K. Lingani, M. Savadogo, M. Ouedraogo, E. Cissé, A. Simonis, V. Tarnagda, Z. Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title | Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in Sub-Saharan Africa during the pre-COVID-19 period (2006–2019): a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | viral etiology of acute respiratory infections in sub saharan africa during the pre covid 19 period 2006 2019 a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | aetiology health meta-analysis respiratory diseases |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/178112 |
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