Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria

Conventional recommendations emphasize increasing the use of inorganic fertilizer to enhance maize yields in African countries south of the Sahara, but it is not clear how smallholders’ exposure to violent conflicts affect demand, yield responses, and the profitability of fertilizers. Our study tack...

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Main Authors: Amare, Mulubrhan, Andam, Kwaw S., Balana, Bedru, Olanrewaju, Opeyemi, Omamo, Steven Were
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Wiley 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177969
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author Amare, Mulubrhan
Andam, Kwaw S.
Balana, Bedru
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Omamo, Steven Were
author_browse Amare, Mulubrhan
Andam, Kwaw S.
Balana, Bedru
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Omamo, Steven Were
author_facet Amare, Mulubrhan
Andam, Kwaw S.
Balana, Bedru
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Omamo, Steven Were
author_sort Amare, Mulubrhan
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Conventional recommendations emphasize increasing the use of inorganic fertilizer to enhance maize yields in African countries south of the Sahara, but it is not clear how smallholders’ exposure to violent conflicts affect demand, yield responses, and the profitability of fertilizers. Our study tackles this question. We analyze how maize yield responds to fertilizer use and assess the profitability of fertilizer use in conflict-affected settings. We then investigate how conflict impacts the profitability of fertilizer, given that armed conflicts are likely to increase input costs, logistical difficulties, and market uncertainties. Our study reveals that yield responses to nitrogen are very low in Nigeria. We also show that exposure to conflict reduces input use rates and decreases the marginal physical productivity of nitrogen in maize production, making investment in fertilizer less profitable. Recognizing this effect of conflict on input use and maize yield response is crucial for targeting and resource allocation decisions among smallholders in similar conflict-affected regions. Moreover, the effect of conflict highlights how external factors, beyond the scope of agronomic practices, influence the economic incentives for fertilizer application and the resulting yield outcomes.
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spelling CGSpace1779692026-01-02T15:32:42Z Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria Amare, Mulubrhan Andam, Kwaw S. Balana, Bedru Olanrewaju, Opeyemi Omamo, Steven Were capacity building conflicts fertilizers maize crop yield inputs Conventional recommendations emphasize increasing the use of inorganic fertilizer to enhance maize yields in African countries south of the Sahara, but it is not clear how smallholders’ exposure to violent conflicts affect demand, yield responses, and the profitability of fertilizers. Our study tackles this question. We analyze how maize yield responds to fertilizer use and assess the profitability of fertilizer use in conflict-affected settings. We then investigate how conflict impacts the profitability of fertilizer, given that armed conflicts are likely to increase input costs, logistical difficulties, and market uncertainties. Our study reveals that yield responses to nitrogen are very low in Nigeria. We also show that exposure to conflict reduces input use rates and decreases the marginal physical productivity of nitrogen in maize production, making investment in fertilizer less profitable. Recognizing this effect of conflict on input use and maize yield response is crucial for targeting and resource allocation decisions among smallholders in similar conflict-affected regions. Moreover, the effect of conflict highlights how external factors, beyond the scope of agronomic practices, influence the economic incentives for fertilizer application and the resulting yield outcomes. 2026 2025-11-17T17:21:02Z 2025-11-17T17:21:02Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177969 en https://hdl.handle.net/10568/155154 Open Access Wiley Amare, Mulubrhan; Andam, Kwaw S.; Balana, Bedru; Olanrewaju, Opeyemi; and Omamo, Steven Were. Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria. Agricultural Economics. Article in press. First published on November 13, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.70078
spellingShingle capacity building
conflicts
fertilizers
maize
crop yield
inputs
Amare, Mulubrhan
Andam, Kwaw S.
Balana, Bedru
Olanrewaju, Opeyemi
Omamo, Steven Were
Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria
title Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria
title_full Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria
title_fullStr Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria
title_full_unstemmed Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria
title_short Unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields: Empirical evidence From Nigeria
title_sort unpacking the effects of conflict on fertilizer use and maize yields empirical evidence from nigeria
topic capacity building
conflicts
fertilizers
maize
crop yield
inputs
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177969
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