Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh

Agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems enhances biodiversity, improves soil health, boosts farm productivity, and provides additional income through diversified crops and products. To know the current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based systems, this study w...

Full description

Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul, Ahmed, Minhaz, Ahmed, Sharif, Hasan, Md. Zahid, Rahman, Md. Ataur, Bhandari, Humnath
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Springer 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177620
_version_ 1855527715218653184
author Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul
Ahmed, Minhaz
Ahmed, Sharif
Hasan, Md. Zahid
Rahman, Md. Ataur
Bhandari, Humnath
author_browse Ahmed, Minhaz
Ahmed, Sharif
Bhandari, Humnath
Hasan, Md. Zahid
Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul
Rahman, Md. Ataur
author_facet Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul
Ahmed, Minhaz
Ahmed, Sharif
Hasan, Md. Zahid
Rahman, Md. Ataur
Bhandari, Humnath
author_sort Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems enhances biodiversity, improves soil health, boosts farm productivity, and provides additional income through diversified crops and products. To know the current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based systems, this study was conducted in Northern Bangladesh. Data were collected from 120 farmers through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and in addition, several focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted. Agroforestry systems observed include homestead agroforestry, integrated cropland agroforestry, windbreak plantations, fodder bank agroforestry, aquaforestry, and timber-fuelwood systems. Among these, homestead agroforestry emerged as the most prevalent (90.8% adoption), providing diverse income streams and nutritional benefits through fruits, vegetables, and timber. Rice-tree combinations, such as rice with litchi (Litchi chinensis), mango (Mangifera indica), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), and betel nut (Areca catechu)/tal (Borassus flabellifer), offer unique socio-economic and ecological benefits as perceived by the respondents. High initial costs, inadequate knowledge and skills, land ownership patterns, and market access are some of the major challenges that hamper extensive adoption. However, agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming has great potential to improve net primary value (NPV), year-round income, climate resilience, and soil health, among many others. Training, subsidized inputs, market access, and credit facilities are some of the major supports required to accelerate the adoption of agroforestry, as perceived by the respondents, offering important guidelines for researchers and policymakers.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace177620
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2025
publishDateRange 2025
publishDateSort 2025
publisher Springer
publisherStr Springer
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1776202025-12-08T10:29:22Z Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul Ahmed, Minhaz Ahmed, Sharif Hasan, Md. Zahid Rahman, Md. Ataur Bhandari, Humnath agroforestry system farming systems rice mixed farming biodiversity soil fertility farm income diversification innovation adoption Agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems enhances biodiversity, improves soil health, boosts farm productivity, and provides additional income through diversified crops and products. To know the current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based systems, this study was conducted in Northern Bangladesh. Data were collected from 120 farmers through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and in addition, several focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted. Agroforestry systems observed include homestead agroforestry, integrated cropland agroforestry, windbreak plantations, fodder bank agroforestry, aquaforestry, and timber-fuelwood systems. Among these, homestead agroforestry emerged as the most prevalent (90.8% adoption), providing diverse income streams and nutritional benefits through fruits, vegetables, and timber. Rice-tree combinations, such as rice with litchi (Litchi chinensis), mango (Mangifera indica), eucalyptus (Eucalyptus camaldulensis), mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), and betel nut (Areca catechu)/tal (Borassus flabellifer), offer unique socio-economic and ecological benefits as perceived by the respondents. High initial costs, inadequate knowledge and skills, land ownership patterns, and market access are some of the major challenges that hamper extensive adoption. However, agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming has great potential to improve net primary value (NPV), year-round income, climate resilience, and soil health, among many others. Training, subsidized inputs, market access, and credit facilities are some of the major supports required to accelerate the adoption of agroforestry, as perceived by the respondents, offering important guidelines for researchers and policymakers. 2025-09-06 2025-11-06T00:55:46Z 2025-11-06T00:55:46Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177620 en Limited Access Springer Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul, Minhaz Ahmed, Sharif Ahmed, Md Zahid Hasan, Md Ataur Rahman, and Humnath Bhandari. "Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh." Agroforestry Systems 99, no. 7 (2025): 1-20.
spellingShingle agroforestry system
farming systems
rice
mixed farming
biodiversity
soil fertility
farm income
diversification
innovation adoption
Hoque, Muhammad Ziaul
Ahmed, Minhaz
Ahmed, Sharif
Hasan, Md. Zahid
Rahman, Md. Ataur
Bhandari, Humnath
Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh
title Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh
title_full Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh
title_fullStr Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh
title_full_unstemmed Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh
title_short Current status, challenges, and opportunities of agroforestry in rice-based mixed farming systems in Northern Bangladesh
title_sort current status challenges and opportunities of agroforestry in rice based mixed farming systems in northern bangladesh
topic agroforestry system
farming systems
rice
mixed farming
biodiversity
soil fertility
farm income
diversification
innovation adoption
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177620
work_keys_str_mv AT hoquemuhammadziaul currentstatuschallengesandopportunitiesofagroforestryinricebasedmixedfarmingsystemsinnorthernbangladesh
AT ahmedminhaz currentstatuschallengesandopportunitiesofagroforestryinricebasedmixedfarmingsystemsinnorthernbangladesh
AT ahmedsharif currentstatuschallengesandopportunitiesofagroforestryinricebasedmixedfarmingsystemsinnorthernbangladesh
AT hasanmdzahid currentstatuschallengesandopportunitiesofagroforestryinricebasedmixedfarmingsystemsinnorthernbangladesh
AT rahmanmdataur currentstatuschallengesandopportunitiesofagroforestryinricebasedmixedfarmingsystemsinnorthernbangladesh
AT bhandarihumnath currentstatuschallengesandopportunitiesofagroforestryinricebasedmixedfarmingsystemsinnorthernbangladesh