The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions

Accurate measurement of agricultural technology adoption is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of investments in agricultural research and development. While household surveys have long served as the primary tool for tracking varietal adoption, growing evidence reveals systematic mismatches b...

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Main Authors: Melesse, Mequanint B., Maredia, Mywish K., Wossen, Tesfamicheal, Odeny, Damaris, Spielman, David J., Michelson, Hope, Waza, Showkat Ahmad, Kamunye, Kelvin, Alene, Arega, Dar, Manzoor H., Afari-Sefa, Victor, Pingali, Prabhu
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2025
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177559
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author Melesse, Mequanint B.
Maredia, Mywish K.
Wossen, Tesfamicheal
Odeny, Damaris
Spielman, David J.
Michelson, Hope
Waza, Showkat Ahmad
Kamunye, Kelvin
Alene, Arega
Dar, Manzoor H.
Afari-Sefa, Victor
Pingali, Prabhu
author_browse Afari-Sefa, Victor
Alene, Arega
Dar, Manzoor H.
Kamunye, Kelvin
Maredia, Mywish K.
Melesse, Mequanint B.
Michelson, Hope
Odeny, Damaris
Pingali, Prabhu
Spielman, David J.
Waza, Showkat Ahmad
Wossen, Tesfamicheal
author_facet Melesse, Mequanint B.
Maredia, Mywish K.
Wossen, Tesfamicheal
Odeny, Damaris
Spielman, David J.
Michelson, Hope
Waza, Showkat Ahmad
Kamunye, Kelvin
Alene, Arega
Dar, Manzoor H.
Afari-Sefa, Victor
Pingali, Prabhu
author_sort Melesse, Mequanint B.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Accurate measurement of agricultural technology adoption is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of investments in agricultural research and development. While household surveys have long served as the primary tool for tracking varietal adoption, growing evidence reveals systematic mismatches between self-reported and DNA verified varietal identity. These mismatches arise from distinct local and scientific varietal nomenclatures, complex seed systems, and high varietal release rates. This review examines the emerging role of genotyping, particularly DNA fingerprinting, as a complementary method for varietal identification and adoption measurement. Drawing on a growing body of studies across crops and geographies, we assess how DNA fingerprinting alters adoption estimates, reveals patterns of varietal misclassification, and enhances our understanding of seed system performance. We identify critical design considerations for implementing DNA fingerprinting at scale, including sampling strategies, reference library construction, and integration with standard household surveys. The review also highlights methodological innovations to reduce DNA fingerprinting costs and explores how fingerprinting can inform monitoring, evaluation, and scaling of agricultural innovations. Finally, we outline key research and policy priorities to mainstream DNA fingerprinting into national agricultural systems and to support more evidence-based, accountable, and equitable food policy.
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publishDate 2025
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spelling CGSpace1775592025-11-04T20:59:19Z The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions Melesse, Mequanint B. Maredia, Mywish K. Wossen, Tesfamicheal Odeny, Damaris Spielman, David J. Michelson, Hope Waza, Showkat Ahmad Kamunye, Kelvin Alene, Arega Dar, Manzoor H. Afari-Sefa, Victor Pingali, Prabhu genotyping varietal screening policies varieties DNA fingerprinting seed systems measurement Accurate measurement of agricultural technology adoption is critical for evaluating the effectiveness of investments in agricultural research and development. While household surveys have long served as the primary tool for tracking varietal adoption, growing evidence reveals systematic mismatches between self-reported and DNA verified varietal identity. These mismatches arise from distinct local and scientific varietal nomenclatures, complex seed systems, and high varietal release rates. This review examines the emerging role of genotyping, particularly DNA fingerprinting, as a complementary method for varietal identification and adoption measurement. Drawing on a growing body of studies across crops and geographies, we assess how DNA fingerprinting alters adoption estimates, reveals patterns of varietal misclassification, and enhances our understanding of seed system performance. We identify critical design considerations for implementing DNA fingerprinting at scale, including sampling strategies, reference library construction, and integration with standard household surveys. The review also highlights methodological innovations to reduce DNA fingerprinting costs and explores how fingerprinting can inform monitoring, evaluation, and scaling of agricultural innovations. Finally, we outline key research and policy priorities to mainstream DNA fingerprinting into national agricultural systems and to support more evidence-based, accountable, and equitable food policy. 2025-11 2025-11-04T20:59:18Z 2025-11-04T20:59:18Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177559 en Open Access Elsevier Melesse, Mequanint B.; Maredia, Mywish K.; Wossen, Tesfamicheal; Odeny, Damaris; Spielman, David J.; et al. 2025. The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions. Food Policy 137(November 2025): 102984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2025.102984
spellingShingle genotyping
varietal screening
policies
varieties
DNA fingerprinting
seed systems
measurement
Melesse, Mequanint B.
Maredia, Mywish K.
Wossen, Tesfamicheal
Odeny, Damaris
Spielman, David J.
Michelson, Hope
Waza, Showkat Ahmad
Kamunye, Kelvin
Alene, Arega
Dar, Manzoor H.
Afari-Sefa, Victor
Pingali, Prabhu
The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions
title The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions
title_full The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions
title_fullStr The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions
title_full_unstemmed The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions
title_short The role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact: Advances, challenges, and policy directions
title_sort role of genotyping in measuring improved variety adoption and impact advances challenges and policy directions
topic genotyping
varietal screening
policies
varieties
DNA fingerprinting
seed systems
measurement
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177559
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