Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021

The COVID-19 pandemic caused a crisis that jeopardized food consumption and dietary diversity. This study aimed to: (1) investigate relationship between COVID-19 and women's and children's diets in India; (2) examine how this varies by socioeconomic status and mothers' vegetarianism; and (3) assess...

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Main Authors: Pant, Anjali, Chakrabarti, Suman, Headey, Derek D., Singh, Nishmeet, Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Wiley 2026
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177248
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author Pant, Anjali
Chakrabarti, Suman
Headey, Derek D.
Singh, Nishmeet
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
author_browse Chakrabarti, Suman
Headey, Derek D.
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Pant, Anjali
Singh, Nishmeet
author_facet Pant, Anjali
Chakrabarti, Suman
Headey, Derek D.
Singh, Nishmeet
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
author_sort Pant, Anjali
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description The COVID-19 pandemic caused a crisis that jeopardized food consumption and dietary diversity. This study aimed to: (1) investigate relationship between COVID-19 and women's and children's diets in India; (2) examine how this varies by socioeconomic status and mothers' vegetarianism; and (3) assess whether mobility restrictions during India's national lockdown influenced these dietary changes. The analysis drew on data from India's National Family Health Survey 2015–16 and 2019–21, focusing on 11 states surveyed before and during COVID-19 (N = 567,727 women, 141,905 children). COVID-19 exposure was defined as interviews after 24 March 2020 (national lockdown). Outcomes included child feeding practices and women's food consumption and dietary diversity. The impact of COVID-19 on diets was estimated using a difference-in-difference model; effect of mobility reduction on diets was examined using linear regression. All analyses were adjusted for confounders, interview month, state fixed effects, and sampling weights. Results showed that COVID-19 exposure was linked to significant declines in child feeding practices (−6.9 percentage points [pp] for minimum dietary diversity, −5.0 pp for minimum acceptable diet, and −6.1 pp for fruit consumption) and women's diet (−5.7 pp for dietary diversity and green vegetable consumption). While magnitude of impact varied across socioeconomic sub-strata and mothers’ vegetarianism status, the differences were not statistically significant. The diets of women and children were greatly impacted by mobility reduction. COVID-19 has worsened the diets of women and children in India. More research is needed on the impact of relief measures to strengthen food safety nets nationwide.
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spelling CGSpace1772482026-01-02T15:32:42Z Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021 Pant, Anjali Chakrabarti, Suman Headey, Derek D. Singh, Nishmeet Nguyen, Phuong Hong vegetarianism dietary diversity nutrition child feeding COVID-19 surveys The COVID-19 pandemic caused a crisis that jeopardized food consumption and dietary diversity. This study aimed to: (1) investigate relationship between COVID-19 and women's and children's diets in India; (2) examine how this varies by socioeconomic status and mothers' vegetarianism; and (3) assess whether mobility restrictions during India's national lockdown influenced these dietary changes. The analysis drew on data from India's National Family Health Survey 2015–16 and 2019–21, focusing on 11 states surveyed before and during COVID-19 (N = 567,727 women, 141,905 children). COVID-19 exposure was defined as interviews after 24 March 2020 (national lockdown). Outcomes included child feeding practices and women's food consumption and dietary diversity. The impact of COVID-19 on diets was estimated using a difference-in-difference model; effect of mobility reduction on diets was examined using linear regression. All analyses were adjusted for confounders, interview month, state fixed effects, and sampling weights. Results showed that COVID-19 exposure was linked to significant declines in child feeding practices (−6.9 percentage points [pp] for minimum dietary diversity, −5.0 pp for minimum acceptable diet, and −6.1 pp for fruit consumption) and women's diet (−5.7 pp for dietary diversity and green vegetable consumption). While magnitude of impact varied across socioeconomic sub-strata and mothers’ vegetarianism status, the differences were not statistically significant. The diets of women and children were greatly impacted by mobility reduction. COVID-19 has worsened the diets of women and children in India. More research is needed on the impact of relief measures to strengthen food safety nets nationwide. 2026 2025-10-21T17:48:41Z 2025-10-21T17:48:41Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177248 en Open Access Wiley Pant, Anjali; Chakrabarti, Suman; Headey, Derek; Singh, Nishmeet; and Nguyen, Phuong Hong. Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021. Maternal and Child Nutrition. Article in Press. First available online on October 10, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1111/mcn.70104
spellingShingle vegetarianism
dietary diversity
nutrition
child feeding
COVID-19
surveys
Pant, Anjali
Chakrabarti, Suman
Headey, Derek D.
Singh, Nishmeet
Nguyen, Phuong Hong
Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021
title Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021
title_full Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021
title_fullStr Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021
title_full_unstemmed Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021
title_short Women's dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst COVID19 in India: Findings from National Family Health Surveys, 2016–2021
title_sort women s dietary diversity and child feeding practices amidst covid19 in india findings from national family health surveys 2016 2021
topic vegetarianism
dietary diversity
nutrition
child feeding
COVID-19
surveys
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/177248
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