Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation

Sorghum is a crucial cereal crop, recognized for its resilience to arid and semiarid environments. However, drought stress significantly limits its productivity, emphasizing the need to enhance drought tolerance traits. One such trait is transpiration efficiency (TE), which reflects a plant’s abilit...

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Autores principales: Mitiku, Abel Debebe, Feyissa, Tileye, Woldetensaye, Alemu Tirfessa, Chikssa, Habte Nida, Menamo, Temesgen Matiwos, Abebe, Tewodros Mesfin, Bante, Kassahun
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Informa UK Limited 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176908
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author Mitiku, Abel Debebe
Feyissa, Tileye
Woldetensaye, Alemu Tirfessa
Chikssa, Habte Nida
Menamo, Temesgen Matiwos
Abebe, Tewodros Mesfin
Bante, Kassahun
author_browse Abebe, Tewodros Mesfin
Bante, Kassahun
Chikssa, Habte Nida
Feyissa, Tileye
Menamo, Temesgen Matiwos
Mitiku, Abel Debebe
Woldetensaye, Alemu Tirfessa
author_facet Mitiku, Abel Debebe
Feyissa, Tileye
Woldetensaye, Alemu Tirfessa
Chikssa, Habte Nida
Menamo, Temesgen Matiwos
Abebe, Tewodros Mesfin
Bante, Kassahun
author_sort Mitiku, Abel Debebe
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Sorghum is a crucial cereal crop, recognized for its resilience to arid and semiarid environments. However, drought stress significantly limits its productivity, emphasizing the need to enhance drought tolerance traits. One such trait is transpiration efficiency (TE), which reflects a plant’s ability to use water efficiently. This study tested a core collection of 182 Ethiopian sorghum accessions, representing major races for drought tolerance related traits. The accessions were grown in 16 l lysimeters under a rain-out shelter, employing a randomized complete block design with three replications. Our findings revealed significant genetic variation (p < 0.001) in TE and related traits among sorghum races. Durra races exhibited the highest TE (6–8.5 kg/L), while intermediate races (dura-caudatum, kafir-caudatum, dura-guinea) showed moderate. Conversely, kafir-caudatum, kafir-bicolor, guinea-bicolor, guinea-caudatum, dura-caudatum and bicolor exhibited the lowest TE. Strong correlations were found between TE and traits such as total shoot fresh weight, total shoot dry weight, and leaf number. Principal component analysis identified key traits influencing TE, while cluster analysis grouped accessions into four distinct clusters, with Cluster IV containing genotypes with the highest TE. These findings highlight the potential of TE in breeding water-efficient sorghum varieties and provide valuable genetic resources for enhancing drought tolerance.
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spelling CGSpace1769082025-11-11T17:40:26Z Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation Mitiku, Abel Debebe Feyissa, Tileye Woldetensaye, Alemu Tirfessa Chikssa, Habte Nida Menamo, Temesgen Matiwos Abebe, Tewodros Mesfin Bante, Kassahun sorghum drought resistance transpiration Sorghum is a crucial cereal crop, recognized for its resilience to arid and semiarid environments. However, drought stress significantly limits its productivity, emphasizing the need to enhance drought tolerance traits. One such trait is transpiration efficiency (TE), which reflects a plant’s ability to use water efficiently. This study tested a core collection of 182 Ethiopian sorghum accessions, representing major races for drought tolerance related traits. The accessions were grown in 16 l lysimeters under a rain-out shelter, employing a randomized complete block design with three replications. Our findings revealed significant genetic variation (p < 0.001) in TE and related traits among sorghum races. Durra races exhibited the highest TE (6–8.5 kg/L), while intermediate races (dura-caudatum, kafir-caudatum, dura-guinea) showed moderate. Conversely, kafir-caudatum, kafir-bicolor, guinea-bicolor, guinea-caudatum, dura-caudatum and bicolor exhibited the lowest TE. Strong correlations were found between TE and traits such as total shoot fresh weight, total shoot dry weight, and leaf number. Principal component analysis identified key traits influencing TE, while cluster analysis grouped accessions into four distinct clusters, with Cluster IV containing genotypes with the highest TE. These findings highlight the potential of TE in breeding water-efficient sorghum varieties and provide valuable genetic resources for enhancing drought tolerance. 2025-12-31 2025-10-09T11:25:31Z 2025-10-09T11:25:31Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176908 en Open Access application/pdf Informa UK Limited Mitiku, A.D.; Feyissa, T.; Woldetensaye, A.T.; Chikssa, H.N.; Menamo, T.M.; Abebe, T.M.; Bante, K. (2025) Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation. Cogent Food & Agriculture 11(1): 2516768. ISSN: 2331-1932
spellingShingle sorghum
drought resistance
transpiration
Mitiku, Abel Debebe
Feyissa, Tileye
Woldetensaye, Alemu Tirfessa
Chikssa, Habte Nida
Menamo, Temesgen Matiwos
Abebe, Tewodros Mesfin
Bante, Kassahun
Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
title Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
title_full Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
title_fullStr Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
title_full_unstemmed Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
title_short Transpiration efficiency in the major races of Ethiopian sorghum: Unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
title_sort transpiration efficiency in the major races of ethiopian sorghum unraveling genetic variation for drought adaptation
topic sorghum
drought resistance
transpiration
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176908
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