Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes
Background/Objectives: Vaccine development for the prevention of ASF has been very challenging due to the extensive genetic and largely unknown antigenic diversity. Inactivated vaccines, using different inactivation methods and a variety of adjuvants, have been consistently inefficacious. Historical...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
MDPI
2025
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176106 |
| _version_ | 1855542619284701184 |
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| author | Borca, M.V. Ramirez-Medina, E. Mutisya, Christine Ojuok, Rose Odaba, Josiah Dihbol, M. Lacasta, Anna Gladue, D.P. |
| author_browse | Borca, M.V. Dihbol, M. Gladue, D.P. Lacasta, Anna Mutisya, Christine Odaba, Josiah Ojuok, Rose Ramirez-Medina, E. |
| author_facet | Borca, M.V. Ramirez-Medina, E. Mutisya, Christine Ojuok, Rose Odaba, Josiah Dihbol, M. Lacasta, Anna Gladue, D.P. |
| author_sort | Borca, M.V. |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Background/Objectives: Vaccine development for the prevention of ASF has been very challenging due to the extensive genetic and largely unknown antigenic diversity. Inactivated vaccines, using different inactivation methods and a variety of adjuvants, have been consistently inefficacious. Historically, animals recovering from an infection with an attenuated virus became protected from the development of a clinical disease caused by an antigenically related strain. Therefore, immunization of susceptible animals with attenuated virus strains has become a common method of vaccination with the first two commercially available vaccines based on recombinant live-attenuated viruses (LAVs). An important limitation is that the efficacy of the LAV is restricted to those strains that are antigenically related and, in most cases, only provide protection against homologous strains. Due to the unknown antigenic heterogeneity among all ASFV field isolates, the development of broad-spectrum vaccines is a challenge. Besides the anecdotal data, there is not a large amount of information describing patterns of cross-protection between different ASFV strains.
Methods: We evaluated the cross-protection induced by the ASFV live-attenuated vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L against different biotypes of ASFV and compared their genomic sequences to determine potential genetic mutations that could cause the lack of cross-protection.
Results: Results presented here demonstrate different patterns of protection when ASFV-G-ΔI177L vaccinated pigs were challenged with six different ASFV field isolates belonging to different biotypes.
Conclusions: The presence of cross-protection cannot be predicted solely by the classical methodology for genotyping-based B646L ORF only. Biotyping, considering the entire virus proteome, appears to be a more promising prediction tool, although additional gathering of experimental data will be necessary to fully validate it; until then, the presence of cross-protection needs to be confirmed in efficacy trials challenging vaccinated animals. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace176106 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | MDPI |
| publisherStr | MDPI |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1761062025-12-08T10:29:22Z Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes Borca, M.V. Ramirez-Medina, E. Mutisya, Christine Ojuok, Rose Odaba, Josiah Dihbol, M. Lacasta, Anna Gladue, D.P. african swine fever vaccines Background/Objectives: Vaccine development for the prevention of ASF has been very challenging due to the extensive genetic and largely unknown antigenic diversity. Inactivated vaccines, using different inactivation methods and a variety of adjuvants, have been consistently inefficacious. Historically, animals recovering from an infection with an attenuated virus became protected from the development of a clinical disease caused by an antigenically related strain. Therefore, immunization of susceptible animals with attenuated virus strains has become a common method of vaccination with the first two commercially available vaccines based on recombinant live-attenuated viruses (LAVs). An important limitation is that the efficacy of the LAV is restricted to those strains that are antigenically related and, in most cases, only provide protection against homologous strains. Due to the unknown antigenic heterogeneity among all ASFV field isolates, the development of broad-spectrum vaccines is a challenge. Besides the anecdotal data, there is not a large amount of information describing patterns of cross-protection between different ASFV strains. Methods: We evaluated the cross-protection induced by the ASFV live-attenuated vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L against different biotypes of ASFV and compared their genomic sequences to determine potential genetic mutations that could cause the lack of cross-protection. Results: Results presented here demonstrate different patterns of protection when ASFV-G-ΔI177L vaccinated pigs were challenged with six different ASFV field isolates belonging to different biotypes. Conclusions: The presence of cross-protection cannot be predicted solely by the classical methodology for genotyping-based B646L ORF only. Biotyping, considering the entire virus proteome, appears to be a more promising prediction tool, although additional gathering of experimental data will be necessary to fully validate it; until then, the presence of cross-protection needs to be confirmed in efficacy trials challenging vaccinated animals. 2025-08-13 2025-08-14T08:50:30Z 2025-08-14T08:50:30Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176106 en Open Access MDPI Borca, M.V., Ramirez-Medina, E., Mutisya, C., Ojuok, R., Odaba, J., Dihbol, M., Lacasta, A. and Gladue, D.P. 2025. Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes. Vaccines 13(8): 858. |
| spellingShingle | african swine fever vaccines Borca, M.V. Ramirez-Medina, E. Mutisya, Christine Ojuok, Rose Odaba, Josiah Dihbol, M. Lacasta, Anna Gladue, D.P. Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes |
| title | Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes |
| title_full | Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes |
| title_short | Evaluation of cross-protection of African swine fever vaccine ASFV-G-ΔI177L between ASFV biotypes |
| title_sort | evaluation of cross protection of african swine fever vaccine asfv g δi177l between asfv biotypes |
| topic | african swine fever vaccines |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176106 |
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