Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam

Background: Wildlife farming is a growing industry, but it poses substantial risks for zoonotic disease transmission, including infections caused by hantaviruses and hepatitis E virus (HEV). This study aimed to determine seroprevalences of these viruses among wildlife farmers and identify associated...

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Autores principales: Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen, Hu Suk Lee, Bett, Bernard K., Ling, J., Thang Nguyen-Tien, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Unger, Fred, Lam, Steven, Vuong Nghia Bui, Tung Duy Dao, Lundkvist, Å., Cattell, Genevieve, Lindahl, Johanna F.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176046
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author Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen
Hu Suk Lee
Bett, Bernard K.
Ling, J.
Thang Nguyen-Tien
Sinh Dang-Xuan
Hung Nguyen-Viet
Unger, Fred
Lam, Steven
Vuong Nghia Bui
Tung Duy Dao
Lundkvist, Å.
Cattell, Genevieve
Lindahl, Johanna F.
author_browse Bett, Bernard K.
Cattell, Genevieve
Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen
Hu Suk Lee
Hung Nguyen-Viet
Lam, Steven
Lindahl, Johanna F.
Ling, J.
Lundkvist, Å.
Sinh Dang-Xuan
Thang Nguyen-Tien
Tung Duy Dao
Unger, Fred
Vuong Nghia Bui
author_facet Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen
Hu Suk Lee
Bett, Bernard K.
Ling, J.
Thang Nguyen-Tien
Sinh Dang-Xuan
Hung Nguyen-Viet
Unger, Fred
Lam, Steven
Vuong Nghia Bui
Tung Duy Dao
Lundkvist, Å.
Cattell, Genevieve
Lindahl, Johanna F.
author_sort Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Background: Wildlife farming is a growing industry, but it poses substantial risks for zoonotic disease transmission, including infections caused by hantaviruses and hepatitis E virus (HEV). This study aimed to determine seroprevalences of these viruses among wildlife farmers and identify associated risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 wildlife farmers in Lao Cai and Dong Nai provinces in Vietnam who raised bats, bamboo rats, civets, and wild boars. Of these, 207 provided serum samples for serological testing for hantavirus and HEV antibodies. Apparent (AP) and true (TP) prevalences were estimated, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors. Results: The AP of hantavirus IgG was 8.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.4–13.6 (TP: 4.7%, 95% credible interval (CrI): 0.2–11.1). HEV IgG AP was 26.7%, 95%CI: 20.8–33.2 (TP: 27.1%, 95%CrI: 21.3–33.4). Hantavirus IgM testing was also performed due to higher IgG seroprevalence compared to earlier studies, detecting IgM antibodies in 1.9% of samples (95%CI: 0.6–5.2) (TP: 1.7%, 95%CrI: 0.1–4.7). Hantavirus seropositivity was significantly associated with engaging only in wildlife farming, and not participating in other activities such as hunting, trading, slaughtering, processing, guano collection, or consumption (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1–6.9). HEV seropositivity was significantly associated with men gender (OR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.4–7.3), older age (OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 1.0–1.1), raw meat consumption (OR = 6.8, 95%CI: 1.6–31.8), residing at higher altitudes (OR = 31.6, 95%CI: 5.5–204.4), and reporting use of protective clothing (OR = 4.0, 95%CI: 1.4–11.2), although their proper use was not assessed. Conclusions: This study highlights behavioural and environmental risk factors associated with wildlife farming and zoonotic pathogens exposure. Public health interventions should focus on biosecurity, proper hygiene practices, and risk communication to reduce the transmission in wildlife farming settings.
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spelling CGSpace1760462025-12-08T09:54:28Z Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen Hu Suk Lee Bett, Bernard K. Ling, J. Thang Nguyen-Tien Sinh Dang-Xuan Hung Nguyen-Viet Unger, Fred Lam, Steven Vuong Nghia Bui Tung Duy Dao Lundkvist, Å. Cattell, Genevieve Lindahl, Johanna F. hantavirus health hepatitis wildlife zoonoses Background: Wildlife farming is a growing industry, but it poses substantial risks for zoonotic disease transmission, including infections caused by hantaviruses and hepatitis E virus (HEV). This study aimed to determine seroprevalences of these viruses among wildlife farmers and identify associated risk factors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 210 wildlife farmers in Lao Cai and Dong Nai provinces in Vietnam who raised bats, bamboo rats, civets, and wild boars. Of these, 207 provided serum samples for serological testing for hantavirus and HEV antibodies. Apparent (AP) and true (TP) prevalences were estimated, and multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify risk factors. Results: The AP of hantavirus IgG was 8.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.4–13.6 (TP: 4.7%, 95% credible interval (CrI): 0.2–11.1). HEV IgG AP was 26.7%, 95%CI: 20.8–33.2 (TP: 27.1%, 95%CrI: 21.3–33.4). Hantavirus IgM testing was also performed due to higher IgG seroprevalence compared to earlier studies, detecting IgM antibodies in 1.9% of samples (95%CI: 0.6–5.2) (TP: 1.7%, 95%CrI: 0.1–4.7). Hantavirus seropositivity was significantly associated with engaging only in wildlife farming, and not participating in other activities such as hunting, trading, slaughtering, processing, guano collection, or consumption (OR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.1–6.9). HEV seropositivity was significantly associated with men gender (OR = 3.1, 95%CI: 1.4–7.3), older age (OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 1.0–1.1), raw meat consumption (OR = 6.8, 95%CI: 1.6–31.8), residing at higher altitudes (OR = 31.6, 95%CI: 5.5–204.4), and reporting use of protective clothing (OR = 4.0, 95%CI: 1.4–11.2), although their proper use was not assessed. Conclusions: This study highlights behavioural and environmental risk factors associated with wildlife farming and zoonotic pathogens exposure. Public health interventions should focus on biosecurity, proper hygiene practices, and risk communication to reduce the transmission in wildlife farming settings. 2025-08-07 2025-08-08T09:02:25Z 2025-08-08T09:02:25Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176046 en Open Access Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen, Hu Suk Lee, Bett, B., Ling, J., Thang Nguyen-Tien, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Unger, F., Lam, S., Vuong Nghia Bui, Tung Duy Dao, Lundkvist, Å., Cattell, G. and Lindahl, J.F. 2025. Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam. PLOS ONE 20(8): e0329570.
spellingShingle hantavirus
health
hepatitis
wildlife
zoonoses
Ha Thi Thanh Nguyen
Hu Suk Lee
Bett, Bernard K.
Ling, J.
Thang Nguyen-Tien
Sinh Dang-Xuan
Hung Nguyen-Viet
Unger, Fred
Lam, Steven
Vuong Nghia Bui
Tung Duy Dao
Lundkvist, Å.
Cattell, Genevieve
Lindahl, Johanna F.
Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam
title Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam
title_full Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam
title_fullStr Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam
title_full_unstemmed Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam
title_short Seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis E virus exposure among wildlife farmers in Vietnam
title_sort seroprevalence and risk factors of hantavirus and hepatitis e virus exposure among wildlife farmers in vietnam
topic hantavirus
health
hepatitis
wildlife
zoonoses
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/176046
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