An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia

Smallholder fish farmers in Zambia face complex social and ecological challenges. Previous studies have highlighted limitations to productivity in Northern Province, where rates of poverty are high and farmers lack access to essential inputs and markets. Stakeholders emphasize research is needed to...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Johnson, J.W., Jacobson, M., Cole, S.M., Syapwaya, M., Kaminski, A.M., Karsten, H., Stauffer, J., Jensen, L., Lundeba, M.
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175861
_version_ 1855517297168351232
author Johnson, J.W.
Jacobson, M.
Cole, S.M.
Syapwaya, M.
Kaminski, A.M.
Karsten, H.
Stauffer, J.
Jensen, L.
Lundeba, M.
author_browse Cole, S.M.
Jacobson, M.
Jensen, L.
Johnson, J.W.
Kaminski, A.M.
Karsten, H.
Lundeba, M.
Stauffer, J.
Syapwaya, M.
author_facet Johnson, J.W.
Jacobson, M.
Cole, S.M.
Syapwaya, M.
Kaminski, A.M.
Karsten, H.
Stauffer, J.
Jensen, L.
Lundeba, M.
author_sort Johnson, J.W.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Smallholder fish farmers in Zambia face complex social and ecological challenges. Previous studies have highlighted limitations to productivity in Northern Province, where rates of poverty are high and farmers lack access to essential inputs and markets. Stakeholders emphasize research is needed to understand aquaculture’s functions at household and farm scales. Innovations to improve productivity must consider agroecological contexts, local knowledge, and adaptations to situate aquaculture within local livelihood. A study was conducted in Luwingu District to assess productivity and understand farmer perceptions. Data collection (Oct–Dec 2021) engaged fish farmers (n = 63) in surveys, farm appraisals, and discussions. Qualitative data highlighted farmers’ perspectives, and thematic review identified their major challenges. Quantitative data described household demographics, priorities, resources, and management systems. Multivariate techniques (principal components analysis [PCA]) assessed variation within the sample, reduced data complexity, and created sets of composite variables describing system inputs. Multiple linear regression tested effects of inputs on pond productivity (kg Fish m−2); and stepwise elimination identified key factors. Results indicated that farmers considered aquaculture a secondary economic activity, contributing an average of only 9% ± 12% to household income. Most farmers used household labor, basic tools, and crop waste as inputs. The mean output (1.2 ± 1.2 t fish ha−1) was low. Predictive models indicated household wealth, education, farm size, intensity of feed, fingerling and labor inputs, fish growth cycles, and spatial integration with cropland were most associated with aquacultural productivity. Farmers emphasized that limited finances, high costs, and inconsistent local supplies of quality inputs were major challenges. Potential pathways for change are discussed, and recommendations for additional research are offered.
format Journal Article
id CGSpace175861
institution CGIAR Consortium
language Inglés
publishDate 2025
publishDateRange 2025
publishDateSort 2025
record_format dspace
spelling CGSpace1758612025-11-11T10:05:59Z An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia Johnson, J.W. Jacobson, M. Cole, S.M. Syapwaya, M. Kaminski, A.M. Karsten, H. Stauffer, J. Jensen, L. Lundeba, M. smallholders Zambia farmer perception quantitative analysis tilapia household income farm size productivity management Smallholder fish farmers in Zambia face complex social and ecological challenges. Previous studies have highlighted limitations to productivity in Northern Province, where rates of poverty are high and farmers lack access to essential inputs and markets. Stakeholders emphasize research is needed to understand aquaculture’s functions at household and farm scales. Innovations to improve productivity must consider agroecological contexts, local knowledge, and adaptations to situate aquaculture within local livelihood. A study was conducted in Luwingu District to assess productivity and understand farmer perceptions. Data collection (Oct–Dec 2021) engaged fish farmers (n = 63) in surveys, farm appraisals, and discussions. Qualitative data highlighted farmers’ perspectives, and thematic review identified their major challenges. Quantitative data described household demographics, priorities, resources, and management systems. Multivariate techniques (principal components analysis [PCA]) assessed variation within the sample, reduced data complexity, and created sets of composite variables describing system inputs. Multiple linear regression tested effects of inputs on pond productivity (kg Fish m−2); and stepwise elimination identified key factors. Results indicated that farmers considered aquaculture a secondary economic activity, contributing an average of only 9% ± 12% to household income. Most farmers used household labor, basic tools, and crop waste as inputs. The mean output (1.2 ± 1.2 t fish ha−1) was low. Predictive models indicated household wealth, education, farm size, intensity of feed, fingerling and labor inputs, fish growth cycles, and spatial integration with cropland were most associated with aquacultural productivity. Farmers emphasized that limited finances, high costs, and inconsistent local supplies of quality inputs were major challenges. Potential pathways for change are discussed, and recommendations for additional research are offered. 2025-01 2025-07-29T12:58:17Z 2025-07-29T12:58:17Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175861 en Open Access application/pdf Johnson, J.W., Jacobson, M., Cole, S.M., Syapwaya, M., Kaminski, A.M., Karsten, H. & Lundeba, M. (2025). An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia. Aquaculture Research, 2025: 9635984, 1-20.
spellingShingle smallholders
Zambia
farmer perception
quantitative analysis
tilapia
household income
farm size
productivity
management
Johnson, J.W.
Jacobson, M.
Cole, S.M.
Syapwaya, M.
Kaminski, A.M.
Karsten, H.
Stauffer, J.
Jensen, L.
Lundeba, M.
An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia
title An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia
title_full An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia
title_fullStr An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia
title_full_unstemmed An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia
title_short An assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in Northern Province, Zambia
title_sort assessment of social and ecological factors influencing the management and productivity of smallholder aquacultural systems in northern province zambia
topic smallholders
Zambia
farmer perception
quantitative analysis
tilapia
household income
farm size
productivity
management
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175861
work_keys_str_mv AT johnsonjw anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT jacobsonm anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT colesm anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT syapwayam anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT kaminskiam anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT karstenh anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT staufferj anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT jensenl anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT lundebam anassessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT johnsonjw assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT jacobsonm assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT colesm assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT syapwayam assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT kaminskiam assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT karstenh assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT staufferj assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT jensenl assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia
AT lundebam assessmentofsocialandecologicalfactorsinfluencingthemanagementandproductivityofsmallholderaquaculturalsystemsinnorthernprovincezambia