Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba

This study analyzed the genetic progress of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) breeding in Cuba over the past 50 years by field trials comparing traditional and improved varieties. Improved varieties significantly outperformed traditional ones in tuberous root yield, with an accumulated genetic gain of...

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Autores principales: Morales, A., Ma, P., Jia, Z., Rodríguez, D., Pastrana Vargas, I.J., Ventura, V., González, J.E., Portal, O., Diaz, F., Parrado Alvarez, O., Cordero, C., Bian, X.
Formato: Journal Item
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175680
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author Morales, A.
Ma, P.
Jia, Z.
Rodríguez, D.
Pastrana Vargas, I.J.
Ventura, V.
González, J.E.
Portal, O.
Diaz, F.
Parrado Alvarez, O.
Cordero, C.
Bian, X.
author_browse Bian, X.
Cordero, C.
Diaz, F.
González, J.E.
Jia, Z.
Ma, P.
Morales, A.
Parrado Alvarez, O.
Pastrana Vargas, I.J.
Portal, O.
Rodríguez, D.
Ventura, V.
author_facet Morales, A.
Ma, P.
Jia, Z.
Rodríguez, D.
Pastrana Vargas, I.J.
Ventura, V.
González, J.E.
Portal, O.
Diaz, F.
Parrado Alvarez, O.
Cordero, C.
Bian, X.
author_sort Morales, A.
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description This study analyzed the genetic progress of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) breeding in Cuba over the past 50 years by field trials comparing traditional and improved varieties. Improved varieties significantly outperformed traditional ones in tuberous root yield, with an accumulated genetic gain of 0.20–0.37 t ha−1 per year, translating to a 256% yield increase. Improved genotypes also exhibited enhanced pest tolerance: lower weevil (Cylas formicarius) infestation and reduced nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) reproduction rates. For viral diseases, 60% of improved varieties showed incidence rates below 10%, compared with 90% of traditional varieties exceeding this threshold. Under drought conditions, improved varieties showed tolerance, with Stress Susceptibility Indices (SSIs) of less than 0.8, while the traditional varieties were more susceptible (SSI > 1). Phenotypic stability analysis via GGE biplot confirmed the superior yield and adaptability of improved varieties across environments. These advances underscore the critical role of sweet potatoes breeding in Cuba, with improvements in yield, quality and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, contributing to strengthening climate resilience and food security.
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spelling CGSpace1756802025-12-08T09:54:28Z Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba Morales, A. Ma, P. Jia, Z. Rodríguez, D. Pastrana Vargas, I.J. Ventura, V. González, J.E. Portal, O. Diaz, F. Parrado Alvarez, O. Cordero, C. Bian, X. sweet potatoes breeding genetic gain yields This study analyzed the genetic progress of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) breeding in Cuba over the past 50 years by field trials comparing traditional and improved varieties. Improved varieties significantly outperformed traditional ones in tuberous root yield, with an accumulated genetic gain of 0.20–0.37 t ha−1 per year, translating to a 256% yield increase. Improved genotypes also exhibited enhanced pest tolerance: lower weevil (Cylas formicarius) infestation and reduced nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) reproduction rates. For viral diseases, 60% of improved varieties showed incidence rates below 10%, compared with 90% of traditional varieties exceeding this threshold. Under drought conditions, improved varieties showed tolerance, with Stress Susceptibility Indices (SSIs) of less than 0.8, while the traditional varieties were more susceptible (SSI > 1). Phenotypic stability analysis via GGE biplot confirmed the superior yield and adaptability of improved varieties across environments. These advances underscore the critical role of sweet potatoes breeding in Cuba, with improvements in yield, quality and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress, contributing to strengthening climate resilience and food security. 2025-06-21 2025-07-17T21:01:40Z 2025-07-17T21:01:40Z Journal Item https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175680 en Open Access Morales, A.; Ma, P.; Jia, Z.; Rodríguez, D.; Vargas, I.J.P.; Ventura, V.; González, J.E.; Portal, O.; Diaz, F.; Alvarez, O.P.; Cordero, C.; Bian, X. 2025. Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba. Plants. ISSN 2223-7747. 14(13), 1911. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14131911
spellingShingle sweet potatoes
breeding
genetic gain
yields
Morales, A.
Ma, P.
Jia, Z.
Rodríguez, D.
Pastrana Vargas, I.J.
Ventura, V.
González, J.E.
Portal, O.
Diaz, F.
Parrado Alvarez, O.
Cordero, C.
Bian, X.
Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba
title Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba
title_full Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba
title_fullStr Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba
title_full_unstemmed Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba
title_short Evolution of Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas [L.] Lam.) Breeding in Cuba
title_sort evolution of sweet potato ipomoea batatas l lam breeding in cuba
topic sweet potatoes
breeding
genetic gain
yields
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175680
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