A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums

Background & aims: Biofortification of staple crops with higher levels of micronutrients via traditional breeding methods is a sustainable strategy and can possibly complement fortification and other interventions to target micronutrient deficiencies in low resource settings, particularly among vuln...

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Main Authors: Mehta, Saurabh, Huey, Samantha L., Ghugre, Padmini S., Potdar; Ramesh D., Venkatramanan, Sudha, Krisher, Jesse T., Ruth, Caleb J., Chopra, Harsha V., Thorat, Aparna, Thakker, Varsha, Johnson, Lynn, Powis, Laura, Raveendran, Yadurshini, Haas, Jere D., Finkelstein, Julia L., Udipi, Shobha A., Project Sabal
Format: Journal Article
Language:Inglés
Published: Elsevier 2022
Subjects:
Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175616
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author Mehta, Saurabh
Huey, Samantha L.
Ghugre, Padmini S.
Potdar; Ramesh D.
Venkatramanan, Sudha
Krisher, Jesse T.
Ruth, Caleb J.
Chopra, Harsha V.
Thorat, Aparna
Thakker, Varsha
Johnson, Lynn
Powis, Laura
Raveendran, Yadurshini
Haas, Jere D.
Finkelstein, Julia L.
Udipi, Shobha A.
Project Sabal
author_browse Chopra, Harsha V.
Finkelstein, Julia L.
Ghugre, Padmini S.
Haas, Jere D.
Huey, Samantha L.
Johnson, Lynn
Krisher, Jesse T.
Mehta, Saurabh
Potdar; Ramesh D.
Powis, Laura
Project Sabal
Raveendran, Yadurshini
Ruth, Caleb J.
Thakker, Varsha
Thorat, Aparna
Udipi, Shobha A.
Venkatramanan, Sudha
author_facet Mehta, Saurabh
Huey, Samantha L.
Ghugre, Padmini S.
Potdar; Ramesh D.
Venkatramanan, Sudha
Krisher, Jesse T.
Ruth, Caleb J.
Chopra, Harsha V.
Thorat, Aparna
Thakker, Varsha
Johnson, Lynn
Powis, Laura
Raveendran, Yadurshini
Haas, Jere D.
Finkelstein, Julia L.
Udipi, Shobha A.
Project Sabal
author_sort Mehta, Saurabh
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Background & aims: Biofortification of staple crops with higher levels of micronutrients via traditional breeding methods is a sustainable strategy and can possibly complement fortification and other interventions to target micronutrient deficiencies in low resource settings, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children. We aimed to determine if iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet (FeZnPM, Dhanashakti, ICTP-8203Fe)-based complementary feeding improves nutritional status, including iron biomarkers and growth, in children living in urban slums of Mumbai. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of FeZnPM among 223 children aged 12e18 months who were not severely anemic at baseline (hemoglobin 9.0 g/dL). Children were randomized to receive either FeZnPM or conventional non-biofortified pearl millet (CPM) daily for 9 months. Iron status (hemoglobin, serum ferritin), plasma zinc, and anthropometric indicators (length, weight, mid-upper arm circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfolds) were evaluated at enrollment and throughout the trial. World Health Organization (WHO) anthropometric z-scores were calculated using WHO growth standards. Primary outcomes were hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations, and growth, defined as WHO z-scores. An intent to treat approach was used for analyses. We used the Hodges-Lehmann-Sen test to assess the change in primary outcomes between baseline and the last visit and report corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: At baseline, 67.7% of children were anemic (hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL) and 59.6% were iron deficient (serum ferritin <12.0 mg/L). FeZnPM did not significantly increase iron biomarkers or improve growth, compared to CPM. In subgroup analyses, FeZnPM improved hemoglobin concentrations in male children, and in children with iron deficiency or iron depletion (serum ferritin <25.0 mg/L) at baseline, relative to CPM. Conclusions: Daily consumption of FeZnPM-based complementary foods did not significantly impact iron and zinc status or growth in children living in Mumbai's urban slums. However, the intervention
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language Inglés
publishDate 2022
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spelling CGSpace1756162025-07-11T17:27:45Z A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums Mehta, Saurabh Huey, Samantha L. Ghugre, Padmini S. Potdar; Ramesh D. Venkatramanan, Sudha Krisher, Jesse T. Ruth, Caleb J. Chopra, Harsha V. Thorat, Aparna Thakker, Varsha Johnson, Lynn Powis, Laura Raveendran, Yadurshini Haas, Jere D. Finkelstein, Julia L. Udipi, Shobha A. Project Sabal iron complementary foods children urban areas slums biofortification Background & aims: Biofortification of staple crops with higher levels of micronutrients via traditional breeding methods is a sustainable strategy and can possibly complement fortification and other interventions to target micronutrient deficiencies in low resource settings, particularly among vulnerable populations such as children. We aimed to determine if iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet (FeZnPM, Dhanashakti, ICTP-8203Fe)-based complementary feeding improves nutritional status, including iron biomarkers and growth, in children living in urban slums of Mumbai. Methods: We conducted a randomized controlled trial of FeZnPM among 223 children aged 12e18 months who were not severely anemic at baseline (hemoglobin 9.0 g/dL). Children were randomized to receive either FeZnPM or conventional non-biofortified pearl millet (CPM) daily for 9 months. Iron status (hemoglobin, serum ferritin), plasma zinc, and anthropometric indicators (length, weight, mid-upper arm circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfolds) were evaluated at enrollment and throughout the trial. World Health Organization (WHO) anthropometric z-scores were calculated using WHO growth standards. Primary outcomes were hemoglobin and serum ferritin concentrations, and growth, defined as WHO z-scores. An intent to treat approach was used for analyses. We used the Hodges-Lehmann-Sen test to assess the change in primary outcomes between baseline and the last visit and report corresponding 95% confidence intervals. Results: At baseline, 67.7% of children were anemic (hemoglobin <11.0 g/dL) and 59.6% were iron deficient (serum ferritin <12.0 mg/L). FeZnPM did not significantly increase iron biomarkers or improve growth, compared to CPM. In subgroup analyses, FeZnPM improved hemoglobin concentrations in male children, and in children with iron deficiency or iron depletion (serum ferritin <25.0 mg/L) at baseline, relative to CPM. Conclusions: Daily consumption of FeZnPM-based complementary foods did not significantly impact iron and zinc status or growth in children living in Mumbai's urban slums. However, the intervention 2022-04 2025-07-11T17:27:44Z 2025-07-11T17:27:44Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175616 en Open Access Elsevier Mehta, Saurabh; Huey, Samantha L.; Ghugre, Padmini S.; Potdar; Ramesh D.; Venkatramanan, Sudha; Krisher, Jesse T.; et al. 2022. A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums. Clinical Nutrition 41(4): 937-947. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2022.02.014
spellingShingle iron
complementary foods
children
urban areas
slums
biofortification
Mehta, Saurabh
Huey, Samantha L.
Ghugre, Padmini S.
Potdar; Ramesh D.
Venkatramanan, Sudha
Krisher, Jesse T.
Ruth, Caleb J.
Chopra, Harsha V.
Thorat, Aparna
Thakker, Varsha
Johnson, Lynn
Powis, Laura
Raveendran, Yadurshini
Haas, Jere D.
Finkelstein, Julia L.
Udipi, Shobha A.
Project Sabal
A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
title A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
title_full A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
title_fullStr A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
title_full_unstemmed A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
title_short A randomized trial of iron- and zinc-biofortified pearl millet-based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
title_sort randomized trial of iron and zinc biofortified pearl millet based complementary feeding in children aged 12 to 18 months living in urban slums
topic iron
complementary foods
children
urban areas
slums
biofortification
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175616
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