Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system
Irrigation and timely access to sufficient volumes of water are vital to increase crops productivity, rural incomes, and food security (FAO 2023; World Bank 2021). In Tajikistan, irrigation sector faces several challenges and constraints such as: aged, poorly maintained infrastructure and poor manag...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Brief |
| Language: | Inglés tg |
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International Food Policy Research Institute
2025
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175318 |
| _version_ | 1855543268829298688 |
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| author | Khakimov, Parviz Aragie, Emerta A. Goibov, Manuchehr Ashurov, Timur |
| author_browse | Aragie, Emerta A. Ashurov, Timur Goibov, Manuchehr Khakimov, Parviz |
| author_facet | Khakimov, Parviz Aragie, Emerta A. Goibov, Manuchehr Ashurov, Timur |
| author_sort | Khakimov, Parviz |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Irrigation and timely access to sufficient volumes of water are vital to increase crops productivity, rural incomes, and food security (FAO 2023; World Bank 2021). In Tajikistan, irrigation sector faces several challenges and constraints such as: aged, poorly maintained infrastructure and poor management system that led low-quality irrigation services; limited investment in drainage infrastructure, inadequate maintenance, poor water management, and harmful irrigation practices that led salinization and waterlogging in some irrigated areas. In addition, the ongoing process of climate change and rising temperatures will increase crop water demands, while water supply reliability will decline, leading to more-severe, more-frequent water stress. The minimum required operation and maintenance on irrigation infrastructure estimated to be about US$35 million per year. Around 85 percent of cultivated land is irrigated and provides more than 90 percent of the total value of crop production. Since independence, the condition and performance of irrigation infrastructure has declined because of severe underfinancing.
More than 40 percent of irrigated areas depend on pumping (the highest dependency in Central Asia), and many high-lift, high-volume pumping stations are in poor condition. Pumping is inefficient (~0.28 kWh/m3, which accounts for 20 percent of total national electricity use). The economic productivity of irrigation is among the lowest 5 percent of countries in the world (~0.21 USD/m) because of high water loss, predominance of low-value crops, and low yields. Irrigation is heavily subsidized but still underfunded. Between 2016 and 2019, the share of public agriculture expenditure on irrigation infrastructure was high (44.6 percent or 880.3 million Tajik Somoni). Irrigation is financed through direct transfers for electricity, government subsidies for pumping station staff costs, revenue from irrigation service fees, WUA membership fees (for on-farm operations and maintenance), and donor investments. More than 60 percent of irrigation capital expenditures (including flood protection) is donor financed (Khakimov et al. 2024; World Bank. SWIM Project 2022). |
| format | Brief |
| id | CGSpace175318 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés tg |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| publisherStr | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1753182025-11-06T07:48:14Z Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system Натиҷаҳои иқтисодӣ ва иҷтимоии сармоягузорӣ ба инфрасохтор ва системаи огоҳикунонии барвақтӣ дар системаи агроозуқавории Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон Khakimov, Parviz Aragie, Emerta A. Goibov, Manuchehr Ashurov, Timur investment infrastructure agrifood systems early warning systems irrigation Irrigation and timely access to sufficient volumes of water are vital to increase crops productivity, rural incomes, and food security (FAO 2023; World Bank 2021). In Tajikistan, irrigation sector faces several challenges and constraints such as: aged, poorly maintained infrastructure and poor management system that led low-quality irrigation services; limited investment in drainage infrastructure, inadequate maintenance, poor water management, and harmful irrigation practices that led salinization and waterlogging in some irrigated areas. In addition, the ongoing process of climate change and rising temperatures will increase crop water demands, while water supply reliability will decline, leading to more-severe, more-frequent water stress. The minimum required operation and maintenance on irrigation infrastructure estimated to be about US$35 million per year. Around 85 percent of cultivated land is irrigated and provides more than 90 percent of the total value of crop production. Since independence, the condition and performance of irrigation infrastructure has declined because of severe underfinancing. More than 40 percent of irrigated areas depend on pumping (the highest dependency in Central Asia), and many high-lift, high-volume pumping stations are in poor condition. Pumping is inefficient (~0.28 kWh/m3, which accounts for 20 percent of total national electricity use). The economic productivity of irrigation is among the lowest 5 percent of countries in the world (~0.21 USD/m) because of high water loss, predominance of low-value crops, and low yields. Irrigation is heavily subsidized but still underfunded. Between 2016 and 2019, the share of public agriculture expenditure on irrigation infrastructure was high (44.6 percent or 880.3 million Tajik Somoni). Irrigation is financed through direct transfers for electricity, government subsidies for pumping station staff costs, revenue from irrigation service fees, WUA membership fees (for on-farm operations and maintenance), and donor investments. More than 60 percent of irrigation capital expenditures (including flood protection) is donor financed (Khakimov et al. 2024; World Bank. SWIM Project 2022). 2025-06-25 2025-06-25T18:22:33Z 2025-06-25T18:22:33Z Brief https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175318 en tg https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175060 Open Access application/pdf application/pdf International Food Policy Research Institute Khakimov, Parviz; Aragie, Emerta; Goibov, Manuchehr; and Ashurov, Timur. 2025. Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system. Central Asia Policy Brief 35. Washington, DC: International Food Policy Research Institute. https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175318 |
| spellingShingle | investment infrastructure agrifood systems early warning systems irrigation Khakimov, Parviz Aragie, Emerta A. Goibov, Manuchehr Ashurov, Timur Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system |
| title | Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system |
| title_full | Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system |
| title_fullStr | Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system |
| title_full_unstemmed | Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system |
| title_short | Economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in Tajikistan’s agrifood system |
| title_sort | economic and social outcomes of investment on infrastructure and early warning system in tajikistan s agrifood system |
| topic | investment infrastructure agrifood systems early warning systems irrigation |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/175318 |
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