Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases
Domestic animals are moved for reasons that are mutually beneficial to the animal and the farmer. Some examples include the need for fresh grazing grounds and watering points, or the need to access livestock markets for income to sustain farmers’ livelihoods. However, livestock mobility is a key ris...
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Journal Article |
| Lenguaje: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Wiley
2025
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174612 |
| _version_ | 1855516460452937728 |
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| author | Nkamwesiga, Joseph Rascón-García, K. Lumu, P. Kiara, Henry K. Perez, A. Muhanguzi, D. Roesel, Kristina |
| author_browse | Kiara, Henry K. Lumu, P. Muhanguzi, D. Nkamwesiga, Joseph Perez, A. Rascón-García, K. Roesel, Kristina |
| author_facet | Nkamwesiga, Joseph Rascón-García, K. Lumu, P. Kiara, Henry K. Perez, A. Muhanguzi, D. Roesel, Kristina |
| author_sort | Nkamwesiga, Joseph |
| collection | Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace) |
| description | Domestic animals are moved for reasons that are mutually beneficial to the animal and the farmer. Some examples include the need for fresh grazing grounds and watering points, or the need to access livestock markets for income to sustain farmers’ livelihoods. However, livestock mobility is a key risk factor for the transmission of transboundary animal diseases. Contact tracing of individual animals and flocks is very challenging, especially in most low-income countries, due to a lack of efficient livestock traceability systems. Despite these challenges, low-income countries, such as Uganda, issue paper-based animal movement permits (AMPs) to ensure only clinically healthy animals are moved following a physical inspection. In this study, we used national approximately 9 years of (2012–2020) small ruminant movement data obtained from archived AMPs in Uganda to describe small ruminant movement networks. The movement networks were described using social network analysis (SNA) approaches implemented in R software to identify and visualize relationships between individual and groups districts in Uganda. Lira, Kaberamaido, Nabilatuk, Mbarara, Kiruhura, Kampala, and Wakiso were identified as districts with the highest degree (in and out-degree) and betweenness among other centrality measures. Our results suggest these districts could be the most important bridges connecting the various regions of the country. Tailoring control interventions to such districts with high incoming and high outgoing shipments, or bridges, would accelerate the nation’s ability to timely detect outbreaks, prevent or mitigate further spread, and contain diseases in their original foci, respectively. We also identified areas for active surveillance, vaccination, quarantine, and biosecurity measures-staging depending on prevailing circumstances. These findings will be used to guide the national small ruminant infectious diseases control strategies and subsequently contribute to national and global initiatives, such as the 2030 Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) eradication program. |
| format | Journal Article |
| id | CGSpace174612 |
| institution | CGIAR Consortium |
| language | Inglés |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| publisherStr | Wiley |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | CGSpace1746122025-12-08T09:54:28Z Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases Nkamwesiga, Joseph Rascón-García, K. Lumu, P. Kiara, Henry K. Perez, A. Muhanguzi, D. Roesel, Kristina animal diseases disease control goats peste des petits ruminants sheep small ruminants Domestic animals are moved for reasons that are mutually beneficial to the animal and the farmer. Some examples include the need for fresh grazing grounds and watering points, or the need to access livestock markets for income to sustain farmers’ livelihoods. However, livestock mobility is a key risk factor for the transmission of transboundary animal diseases. Contact tracing of individual animals and flocks is very challenging, especially in most low-income countries, due to a lack of efficient livestock traceability systems. Despite these challenges, low-income countries, such as Uganda, issue paper-based animal movement permits (AMPs) to ensure only clinically healthy animals are moved following a physical inspection. In this study, we used national approximately 9 years of (2012–2020) small ruminant movement data obtained from archived AMPs in Uganda to describe small ruminant movement networks. The movement networks were described using social network analysis (SNA) approaches implemented in R software to identify and visualize relationships between individual and groups districts in Uganda. Lira, Kaberamaido, Nabilatuk, Mbarara, Kiruhura, Kampala, and Wakiso were identified as districts with the highest degree (in and out-degree) and betweenness among other centrality measures. Our results suggest these districts could be the most important bridges connecting the various regions of the country. Tailoring control interventions to such districts with high incoming and high outgoing shipments, or bridges, would accelerate the nation’s ability to timely detect outbreaks, prevent or mitigate further spread, and contain diseases in their original foci, respectively. We also identified areas for active surveillance, vaccination, quarantine, and biosecurity measures-staging depending on prevailing circumstances. These findings will be used to guide the national small ruminant infectious diseases control strategies and subsequently contribute to national and global initiatives, such as the 2030 Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) eradication program. 2025-01 2025-05-15T10:59:58Z 2025-05-15T10:59:58Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174612 en Open Access Wiley Nkamwesiga, J., Rascón-García, K., Lumu, P., Kiara, H., Perez, A., Muhanguzi, D. and Roesel, K. 2025. Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases. Transboundary and Emerging Diseases 2025(1): 7474495. |
| spellingShingle | animal diseases disease control goats peste des petits ruminants sheep small ruminants Nkamwesiga, Joseph Rascón-García, K. Lumu, P. Kiara, Henry K. Perez, A. Muhanguzi, D. Roesel, Kristina Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| title | Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| title_full | Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| title_fullStr | Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| title_short | Network analysis of small ruminant movements in Uganda: Implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| title_sort | network analysis of small ruminant movements in uganda implications for control of transboundary animal diseases |
| topic | animal diseases disease control goats peste des petits ruminants sheep small ruminants |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174612 |
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