Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico

Maize is highly vulnerable to aflatoxin (AF) contamination caused by fungi from the Aspergillus section Flavi, with deficiencies in post-harvest management practices further exacerbating AF levels. Due to their carcinogenic properties, AFs pose significant health risks. Biological control using non-...

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Autores principales: Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos, Molina Macedo, Aide, Toledo, Fernando H., Telles Mejía, Eugenio, Cabrera-Soto, Luisa, Palacios-Rojas, Natalia
Formato: Journal Article
Lenguaje:Inglés
Publicado: Elsevier 2025
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174381
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author Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos
Molina Macedo, Aide
Toledo, Fernando H.
Telles Mejía, Eugenio
Cabrera-Soto, Luisa
Palacios-Rojas, Natalia
author_browse Cabrera-Soto, Luisa
Molina Macedo, Aide
Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos
Palacios-Rojas, Natalia
Telles Mejía, Eugenio
Toledo, Fernando H.
author_facet Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos
Molina Macedo, Aide
Toledo, Fernando H.
Telles Mejía, Eugenio
Cabrera-Soto, Luisa
Palacios-Rojas, Natalia
author_sort Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos
collection Repository of Agricultural Research Outputs (CGSpace)
description Maize is highly vulnerable to aflatoxin (AF) contamination caused by fungi from the Aspergillus section Flavi, with deficiencies in post-harvest management practices further exacerbating AF levels. Due to their carcinogenic properties, AFs pose significant health risks. Biological control using non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates has been effective for over 25 years in the USA, with two formulations being commercially available. However, no such products have been developed yet for use in Mexico. This study evaluated the effectiveness of AF36-Prevail®, a non-aflatoxigenic strain from Arizona, for reducing aflatoxin contamination in Mexico. Over four years (2019–2022), we assessed its impact alongside regionally adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico. We analyzed a total of 1,479 grain samples, with 887 from biocontrol-treated fields, and 592 from untreated fields across 69 sites in Tamaulipas and Campeche. Treated fields showed 59.0 % to 89.9 % reductions in AF content compared to untreated fields, and higher ear rot was observed in untreated fields. Correlation coefficients between ear rot and AF content were r = 0.08 for Campeche and r = 0.36 for Tamaulipas. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.001) were noted between years and hybrids for both yields and AF levels. Three hybrids in Tamaulipas and four in Campeche demonstrated better adaptation, higher yields, and lower AF levels (< 20 ppb). This research underscores the potential for safer maize production in Mexico, particularly when combining biocontrol strain application with adapted germplasm.
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spelling CGSpace1743812025-10-26T12:54:26Z Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos Molina Macedo, Aide Toledo, Fernando H. Telles Mejía, Eugenio Cabrera-Soto, Luisa Palacios-Rojas, Natalia aflatoxin B1 aspergillus flavus mycotoxins zea mays Maize is highly vulnerable to aflatoxin (AF) contamination caused by fungi from the Aspergillus section Flavi, with deficiencies in post-harvest management practices further exacerbating AF levels. Due to their carcinogenic properties, AFs pose significant health risks. Biological control using non-aflatoxigenic A. flavus isolates has been effective for over 25 years in the USA, with two formulations being commercially available. However, no such products have been developed yet for use in Mexico. This study evaluated the effectiveness of AF36-Prevail®, a non-aflatoxigenic strain from Arizona, for reducing aflatoxin contamination in Mexico. Over four years (2019–2022), we assessed its impact alongside regionally adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico. We analyzed a total of 1,479 grain samples, with 887 from biocontrol-treated fields, and 592 from untreated fields across 69 sites in Tamaulipas and Campeche. Treated fields showed 59.0 % to 89.9 % reductions in AF content compared to untreated fields, and higher ear rot was observed in untreated fields. Correlation coefficients between ear rot and AF content were r = 0.08 for Campeche and r = 0.36 for Tamaulipas. Significant differences (p ≤ 0.001) were noted between years and hybrids for both yields and AF levels. Three hybrids in Tamaulipas and four in Campeche demonstrated better adaptation, higher yields, and lower AF levels (< 20 ppb). This research underscores the potential for safer maize production in Mexico, particularly when combining biocontrol strain application with adapted germplasm. 2025-05 2025-04-29T15:15:14Z 2025-04-29T15:15:14Z Journal Article https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174381 en Open Access application/pdf Elsevier Muñoz-Zavala, C., Molina-Macedo, A., Toledo, F. H., Telles-Mejía, E., Cabrera-Soto, L., & Palacios-Rojas, N. (2025). Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico. Biological Control, 204, 105727. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocontrol.2025.105727
spellingShingle aflatoxin B1
aspergillus flavus
mycotoxins
zea mays
Muñoz-Zavala, Carlos
Molina Macedo, Aide
Toledo, Fernando H.
Telles Mejía, Eugenio
Cabrera-Soto, Luisa
Palacios-Rojas, Natalia
Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico
title Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico
title_full Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico
title_fullStr Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico
title_short Combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern Mexico
title_sort combating aflatoxin contamination by combining biocontrol application and adapted maize germplasm in northeastern and southeastern mexico
topic aflatoxin B1
aspergillus flavus
mycotoxins
zea mays
url https://hdl.handle.net/10568/174381
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